The braking unit is the core executing component of the braking system, and its types are diverse, mainly classified according to working principles, structural forms, and application scenarios. The following are common types and characteristics:
1、 Classified by working principle
Friction braking unit
Disc brake: Friction is generated by clamping the rotating brake disc with a brake caliper, which has good heat dissipation and fast response, and is widely used in the front wheels of passenger cars.
Drum brake: The brake shoes expand outward and press against the inner wall of the brake drum, providing strong braking force but poor heat dissipation. It is commonly used for rear wheels or commercial vehicles.
Belt brake: using brake bands to hold rotating components, with a simple structure but high braking torque, commonly used in industrial equipment.
Non friction braking unit
Magnetic powder brake: It generates resistance through magnetic powder magnetization, has a small volume, precise control, and is suitable for precision equipment.
Magnetic eddy current brake: utilizing electromagnetic induction eddy current effect for braking, without mechanical wear, commonly used for high-speed trains.
Water vortex flow brake: used for braking ships or heavy machinery through fluid resistance.
2、 Classified by structural form
Clamp disc brake: The brake caliper is fixed and the brake disc rotates. It is divided into fixed caliper type and floating caliper type, with the latter being more widely used.
Full disk brake: The friction element is a steel disc with a large braking force but a large volume, used for heavy-duty vehicles.
Internal tension shoe brake: The brake shoe expands inward, with a compact structure, commonly used in construction machinery.
3、 Classified by driving method
Hydraulic brake unit: It transmits pressure through brake fluid, responds sensitively, and is the mainstream configuration of passenger cars.
Pneumatic braking unit: driven by compressed air, with strong braking force, suitable for commercial vehicles.
Electric braking unit: Integrated motor drive, fast response, commonly used in energy recovery systems for new energy vehicles.
4、 Special application types
Regenerative braking unit: New energy vehicles generate electricity by reversing the motor, converting kinetic energy into electrical energy for storage.
Emergency braking unit: activated when the main brake fails, with weak braking force but can ensure basic safety.
The selection of different types of braking units requires comprehensive consideration of factors such as braking force requirements, heat dissipation conditions, and costs.