Masu samar da kayan aikin ceton makamashi na Elevator suna tunatar da ku cewa yanzu ana amfani da masu canza mitar a masana'antu daban-daban, kamar kwandishan, lif, da masana'antu masu nauyi. A ƙasa, za mu bayyana ainihin ilimin amfani da masu sauya mitar a cikin lif:
1. Menene mai sauya mitar?
Mai sauya mitar na'urar sarrafa makamashin lantarki ce wacce ke amfani da aikin kashewa na na'urorin semiconductor don canza hanyoyin mitar wutar lantarki zuwa wata mitar.
2. Menene bambance-bambance tsakanin PWM da PAM?
PWM taƙaitaccen tsari ne na Pulse Width Modulation a Turanci, wanda hanya ce ta daidaita kayan aiki da yanayin motsi ta hanyar canza faɗin bugun bugun jirgin ƙasa bisa ga wani tsari. PAM yana nufin Pulse Amplitude Modulation a Turanci, wanda shine hanyar daidaitawa wanda ke daidaita ƙimar fitarwa da yanayin motsi ta hanyar canza girman bugun bugun jirgin ƙasa bisa ƙa'ida.
3. Menene bambanci tsakanin nau'in wutar lantarki da nau'in halin yanzu?
Babban da'irar na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa na iya zama kusan kashi biyu: Nau'in wutar lantarki shi ne mai sauya wutar lantarki da ke juyar da DC na tushen wutar lantarki zuwa AC, kuma tace da'irar DC shine capacitor; Nau'in na yanzu shine mai jujjuya mitar da ke juyar da halin yanzu kai tsaye na tushen yanzu zuwa madaidaicin halin yanzu, tare da matattarar kewayawa na DC da inductor.
4. Me yasa wutar lantarki da halin yanzu na mai sauya mitar ke canzawa daidai gwargwado?
Juyin juzu'i na injin asynchronous yana samuwa ne ta hanyar hulɗar da ke tsakanin motsin maganadisu na motar da na yanzu da ke gudana ta cikin na'ura. A mitar da aka ƙididdigewa, idan ƙarfin lantarki ya kasance akai-akai kuma kawai aka rage mita, ƙarfin maganadisu zai yi girma da yawa, na'urar maganadisu za ta cika, kuma a lokuta masu tsanani, motar za ta ƙone. Don haka ya kamata a canza mitar da wutar lantarki daidai gwargwado, wato yayin da ake canza mitar, ana sarrafa wutar lantarkin da ake fitarwa na mitar don kula da wani ƙayyadaddun motsin maganadisu na injin tare da guje wa faruwar ƙarancin maganadisu da abubuwan mamaki na maganadisu. Ana amfani da wannan hanyar sarrafawa da yawa don masu canza mitar mai ceton kuzari a cikin fanfo da famfo.
5. Lokacin da motar lantarki ke motsawa ta hanyar mitar wutar lantarki, halin yanzu yana ƙaruwa lokacin da ƙarfin lantarki ya ragu; Don faifan mai sauya mitar, idan ƙarfin lantarki kuma yana raguwa lokacin da mitar ta ragu, shin na yanzu yana ƙaruwa?
Lokacin da mitar ta ragu (a ƙananan gudu), idan wutar lantarki iri ɗaya ta fito, ƙarfin yanzu yana ƙaruwa, amma a ƙarƙashin yanayin juzu'i na yau da kullun, halin yanzu ya kasance kusan ba canzawa.
6. Menene farkon halin yanzu da farawa na motar lokacin amfani da mai sauya mitar don aiki?
Yin amfani da mai sauya mitar don aiki, mita da ƙarfin lantarki suna ƙaruwa daidai da haɓakar motar, kuma farkon halin yanzu yana iyakance zuwa ƙasa da 150% na halin yanzu (125% ~ 200% dangane da samfurin). Lokacin farawa kai tsaye tare da samar da wutar lantarki, lokacin farawa shine sau 6-7, yana haifar da girgiza injiniyoyi da na lantarki. Yin amfani da faifan mai sauya mitar zai iya farawa lafiya (tare da tsawon lokacin farawa). Farawa na yanzu shine 1.2 ~ 1.5 sau da aka ƙididdigewa, kuma ƙarfin farawa shine 70% ~ 120% na ƙimar da aka ƙidaya; Don masu sauya mita tare da aikin haɓaka juzu'i ta atomatik, ƙarfin farawa yana sama da 100% kuma yana iya farawa da cikakken kaya.
7. Menene ma'anar V/f yanayin?
Lokacin da mitar ta ragu, ƙarfin lantarki V shima yana raguwa daidai gwargwado, kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin amsa 4. Matsakaicin dangantaka tsakanin V da f an riga an ƙaddara ta la'akari da halayen motar, kuma yawanci akwai halaye da yawa da aka adana a cikin na'urar ajiya (ROM) na mai sarrafawa, wanda za'a iya zaɓa ta amfani da maɓalli ko bugun kira.
8. Ta yaya karfin juzu'in motar ke canzawa yayin da V da f aka canza daidai gwargwado?
Lokacin da mitar ta ragu kuma ƙarfin lantarki ya ragu daidai gwargwado, raguwa a cikin AC impedance yayin da juriya na DC ya kasance ba canzawa zai haifar da yanayin rage karfin ƙasa da aka haifar a ƙananan gudu. Sabili da haka, da aka ba V / f a ƙananan mitoci, ya zama dole don ƙara ƙarfin fitarwa dan kadan don samun wani madaidaicin farawa. Ana kiran wannan diyya ingantacce farawa. Ana iya amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban don cimma wannan, gami da aiki ta atomatik, zaɓin yanayin V/f, ko daidaita potentiometer.
9. Shin babu ikon fitarwa a ƙasa da 6Hz, kamar yadda jagorar ya faɗi iyakar saurin 60 ~ 6Hz, wanda shine 10: 1?
Har ila yau ana iya fitar da wutar lantarki a ƙasa da 6Hz, amma dangane da hawan zafin jiki da fara ƙarfin injin, mafi ƙarancin mitar aiki yana kusa da 6Hz. A wannan lokacin, motar zata iya fitar da karfin juyi mai ƙima ba tare da haifar da matsalolin dumama ba. Ainihin mitar fitarwa (mitar farawa) na mai sauya mitar ya bambanta daga 0.5 zuwa 3Hz dangane da ƙirar.
10. Shin yana yiwuwa a buƙaci juzu'i na yau da kullun don haɗuwa da motocin gabaɗaya sama da 60Hz?
Yawancin lokaci ba zai yiwu ba. Lokacin da ƙarfin lantarki ya kasance akai-akai sama da 60Hz (kuma akwai kuma hanyoyin sama da 50Hz), gabaɗaya siffa ce ta ƙarfin ƙarfi. Lokacin da ake buƙatar juzu'i iri ɗaya a cikin manyan gudu, dole ne a biya hankali ga zaɓin injin da ƙarfin inverter.
11. Menene' buɗaɗɗen madauki' nufi?
Ana shigar da na'urar gano saurin gudu (PG) akan na'urar da ake amfani da ita don mayar da ainihin gudu zuwa na'urar sarrafawa don sarrafawa, wanda ake kira "rufe madauki". Idan ba ya aiki da PG, ana kiran shi "buɗe madauki". Masu sauya mitar duniya galibi suna buɗe madauki, kuma wasu ƙira kuma na iya amfani da zaɓuɓɓuka don amsawar PG.
12. Menene ya kamata a yi lokacin da ainihin gudun ya kauce daga gudun da aka bayar?
Lokacin buɗe madauki, koda mai sauya mitar yana fitar da mitar da aka bayar, saurin motar ya bambanta tsakanin kewayon ƙimar zamewa (1% ~ 5%) lokacin aiki tare da kaya. Don yanayin da ake buƙatar daidaiton ƙa'idar babban gudun kuma har ma da canje-canjen kaya na buƙatar aiki kusa da gudun da aka bayar, ana iya amfani da mai sauya mitar tare da aikin amsa PG (na zaɓi).
13. Idan an yi amfani da mota tare da PG don amsawa, za a iya inganta daidaiton sauri?
Mai sauya mitar tare da aikin amsa PG ya inganta daidaito. Amma daidaiton saurin ya dogara da daidaicin PG kanta da ƙudurin mitar fitarwa na mai sauya mitar.
14. Me ake nufi da aikin rigakafin?
Idan lokacin hanzarin da aka bayar ya yi guntu kuma mitar fitarwa na mai sauya mitar ya canza fiye da saurin (electrical angular mita), mai sauya mitar zai yi rauni kuma ya daina gudu saboda yawan abin da ke faruwa, wanda ake kira stall. Don hana motar daga ci gaba da aiki saboda tsayawa, ya zama dole a gano girman halin yanzu don sarrafa mita. Lokacin da hanzarin halin yanzu ya yi girma, rage saurin saurin yadda ya kamata. Hakanan ya shafi lokacin raguwa. Haɗin su biyu shine aikin rumfa.
15. Menene ma'anar ƙira tare da lokacin hanzari da lokacin raguwa daban-daban, da samfuri tare da lokacin haɓakawa tare da haɗin gwiwa?
Ana iya ba da hanzari da ragewa daban don nau'ikan inji daban-daban, wanda ya dace da hanzari na ɗan gajeren lokaci, yanayin rage jinkirin, ko yanayin da ake buƙatar lokacin sake zagayowar samarwa don ƙananan kayan aikin injin. Koyaya, don yanayi kamar watsa fan, saurin hanzari da lokutan raguwa suna da ɗan tsayi, kuma ana iya ba da duka hanzari da lokutan raguwa tare.
16. Menene sabunta birki?
Idan an rage mitar umarni yayin aikin injin lantarki, zai zama janareta na asynchronous kuma yana aiki azaman birki, wanda ake kira birki na regenerative (electrical).
17. Menene martanin makamashi na elevator?
Juya wutar DC data kasance da mara amfani na lif zuwa ikon AC mai amfani da inganci. Tsarin ciyar da mayar da wutar AC da ta juye zuwa cibiyar sadarwar yankin da ke kusa da lif don sake amfani da ita.