Abahlinzeki bezinsiza zezimo eziphuthumayo ze-elevator bakukhumbuza ukuthi ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinga lokuphila labantu, izidingo zempilo nazo ziyakhula. Ukusetshenziswa kwamakheshi sekusakazeke kakhulu, futhi ukuphepha nokuvikelwa kwemvelo nakho sekuphenduke isiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kwamakheshi. Ngenxa yokunqamuka kukagesi kungazelelwe amakheshi angase ahlangane nawo phakathi nokusebenza, okubangela ukuba abantu noma izinto zivaleleke ngaphakathi kwekheshi, kwazalwa idivayisi ephuthumayo yokunqamuka kukagesi wekheshi.
Isimiso sesakhiwo sokunqamuka kukagesi idivayisi yokuhlenga izimo eziphuthumayo
Izinsiza zokuhlenga izimo eziphuthumayo zokuphela kukagesi zingahlukaniswa zibe izigaba ezimbili ngokusekelwe ezimisweni zazo zesakhiwo:
(1) Isisetshenziswa esikhethekile sokuhlenga izimo eziphuthumayo zokuphela kukagesi wekheshi
Izimele kwikhabhinethi yokulawula ikheshi. Lapho amandla avamile ekheshi ephelelwa amandla, idivayisi ithatha konke ukulawula ikheshi, ilawula imoto ukuze igijime iye endaweni eseduze, futhi ivula umnyango ukuze ikhiphe abagibeli ngokuphepha.
Lolu hlobo lwedivayisi yokuhlenga izimo eziphuthumayo ngokunqamuka kukagesi ngokuvamile luyisethi ephelele yemikhiqizo, efakwe kukhabhinethi, enomhlaba wonke omuhle futhi ingafaniswa namakhabhinethi amaningi okulawula ikheshi. Emabhizinisini okukhiqiza ama-elevator, inqobo nje uma isethi yonke ithengwa, ifakwe eduze kwekhabhinethi yokulawula ikheshi, futhi izintambo zesixhumi esibonakalayo ezinekhabhinethi yokulawula ziphathwa kahle, abasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe bebhizinisi lokukhiqiza i-elevator abadingi ukuchitha umzamo omkhulu ukuze baqonde ngokujulile isakhiwo sangaphakathi sedivayisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhizinisi amaningi okukhiqiza amadivaysi ezimo eziphuthumayo acisha ugesi ahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokufaka nokuthumela. Ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo lomkhiqizo luthandwa kakhulu phakathi kwamabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo kanye namabhizinisi obunjiniyela, futhi lusetshenziswe ekuqaleni futhi kabanzi e-China. Le divayisi yokuhlenga izimo eziphuthumayo yokuphela kukagesi inezingxenye ezimbili: isiyingi esilawulayo nebhethri. Isifunda sokulawula ngokuvamile siqukethe isifunda sokuthola nokulawula, isifunda sokushaja, kanye nesekhethi ye-inverter. Isekhethi yokulawula ukutholwa inesibopho sokuthola ukunikezwa kwamandla kwekheshi, ivule idivayisi ephuthumayo yokuphela kukagesi uma kwenzeka ukuphelelwa amandla, bese ithola amasignali afanelekile ekheshi. Lapho isifunda sokuphepha kwekheshi sitholwa ukuthi sixhunyiwe (uma kukhona ukudluliselwa kokulandelana kwesigaba, kufanele kufinyezwe isekethe), futhi ukugcinwa kwekheshi/iswishi evamile isesimweni esivamile, idivayisi iqala ukusebenza ukuze iqhubeke nokuthola indawo yemoto. Uma imoto isendaweni yezinga, idivayisi yokuhlenga izimo eziphuthumayo yokuphelelwa amandla inikeza amandla nesignali yokuvula umnyango, futhi ikheshi ivula umnyango ukuze abagibeli baphume; Uma imoto ye-lifti ingekho endaweni yeleveli, isiyingi se-inverter siyavulwa ukuze sihlehlise amandla e-DC ebhethri kumandla we-AC we-low-frequency low-frequency ukuze injini yokudonsa isebenze. Ikheshi likhasa ngesivinini esiphansi liye endaweni enezinga eliseduze, bese livula umnyango ukuze likhiphe abagibeli. Ngemva kwemizuzwana embalwa yokubambezeleka lapho umnyango wekheshi uvuleka, ukuhlenga kuyaqedwa futhi idivayisi yokuhlenga iyacishwa.
Isekhethi eyinhloko yokudonsa kanye nesekhethi yokulawula ukuvulwa komnyango yesistimu iboniswa kumdwebo olandelayo. I-QA iwukushintsha amandla okuyinhloko kwekheshi, i-MD iyinjini edonsayo, i-YC ingumxhumanisi ophumayo wesiguquli sefrikhwensi, i-YC1 iyisixhumi esiphumayo esiphuthumayo sokunqamuka kukagesi, futhi i-YC ne-YC1 kufanele zixhunywe ngogesi ekulawuleni.
Ingxoxo Emfishane Ngamadivayisi Okuhlenga Esimeni Esiphuthumayo Wokucisha Ugesi Esikheshi
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lolu hlobo lwedivayisi yokuhlenga izimo eziphuthumayo zokuphuma kwamandla luvulekile-loop elawulwa ngesikhathi sokudonsa, futhi isivinini se-motor asibuyiselwa ebhodini le-inverter. Kumamotho ajwayelekile a-asynchronous, lokhu kulawula kuyenzeka ngokuphelele, kodwa kumamotho ahambisanayo, ukulawulwa kwe-open-loop ngokusobala kunzima ukwenza injini isebenze ngokujwayelekile ngesivinini esibekiwe. Ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo lwedivayisi yokuhlenga izimo eziphuthumayo yokucima kukagesi ngokuvamile alufaneleki imishini yokudonsa ehambisanayo.
Abanye abakhiqizi bezinsiza zokuhlenga eziphuthumayo zokunqamuka kukagesi bathi imikhiqizo yabo ayinawo umsebenzi wokuhlenga ugesi ozenzakalelayo kuphela, kodwa futhi inomsebenzi wokuhlenga amaphutha. Okusho ukuthi, uma ilifti ihluleka futhi ima phakathi nesitezi futhi ingakwazi ukusebenza, idivayisi yokuhlenga izimo eziphuthumayo yokucima kukagesi izobona iphutha. Uma ihlangabezana nezimo zokusebenza zokuhlenga, ugesi wokulawula iKhabhinethi uzonqanyulwa, futhi idivayisi yokuhlenga izimo eziphuthumayo yokuphela kukagesi izosebenzisa umsebenzi wokuhlenga. Isibonelo, lapho zonke izifunda zokulawula zekheshi zihlangabezana nezimo zokusebenza, kodwa ngenxa yephutha ku-converter frequency, ilifti ima phakathi nendawo futhi ibambeke, idivayisi ephuthumayo yokucima ugesi iyasetshenziswa. Uma lo msebenzi udingeka ngempela, kufanele usetshenziswe ngokuqapha okukhulu, ulawule ngokuqinile imibandela yokuthi idivayisi yezimo eziphuthumayo yokuphela kukagesi iqale ukusebenza, futhi kuvinjwe izingozi ezingase zenzeke phakathi nokusetshenziswa.
（2） Idivayisi yokuhlenga izimo eziphuthumayo yokucima kukagesi elawulwa indawo yonke yamandla angaphazamiseki (UPS)
Lapho amandla avamile e-elevator ephelelwa amandla, idivayisi inikezela amandla kwikhabhinethi yokulawula ikheshi (kuhlanganise nesiguquli semvamisa), futhi ilifti isalawulwa ngokugcwele yikhabhinethi yokulawula lapho inikwa amandla ukunikezwa kwamandla okusekelayo, esebenza ngokulungiswa noma isivinini sokuzisindisa endaweni yezinga.
Lolu uhlobo olusha lwesisetshenziswa esiphuthumayo sokunqanyulwa kukagesi esisetshenziswe e-China kuphela eminyakeni yamuva, kodwa namanje ayikasetshenziswa kakhulu ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokulinganiselwa komsebenzi wokuguqula imvamisa. Njengamanje, akuzona zonke iziguquli zefrikhwensi ezingalawulwa ngale ndlela. Ngenxa yokuthi ukunikezwa kwamandla okuhlinzekwa yi-UPS ngokuvamile kuyisigaba esisodwa se-AC 220V, kuyadingeka ukuthi isiguquli sefrikhwensi sikwazi ukusebenzisa umshini wokudonsa ngesivinini esiphansi uma sinikwa amandla yisigaba esisodwa sikagesi esingu-220V.
Isakhiwo salolu hlobo lwedivayisi yokuhlenga izimo eziphuthumayo yokunqamuka kwamandla silula kakhulu, sihlanganisa i-UPS evamile kanye namasekethe okulawula ahambisanayo. I-UPS ingafakwa ngaphakathi kwekhabhinethi yokulawula noma ibekwe ngokuzimela eduze kwekhabhinethi yokulawula. Umjikelezo wayo wokulawula uvame ukufakwa ngaphakathi kwekhabhinethi yokulawula futhi ihlanganiswe nomklamo wekhabhinethi yokulawula. Umdwebo olandelayo uwumdwebo ojwayelekile wesifunda sokulawula, lapho i-QA iyisishintshi samandla esiyinhloko sekheshi, i-MD iyinjini yokudonsa, i-YC ingumxhumanisi ophumayo wesiguquli se-frequency, i-AC iyisixhumi sokufaka sesigaba sesithathu sesiguquli se-frequency, i-TC1 iyisigaba esisodwa se-220V yokufaka isiguquli se-frequency, i-DC iyisixhumi samandla sekhabhinethi esivamile ngesikhathi sokulawula amandla e-TC2 kanye namandla okuxhumana ngesikhathi sokulawula amandla e-TC2. ukucima ukusebenza kwezimo eziphuthumayo. I-AC ne-TC1, DC ne-TC2 kufanele zixhunywe ngogesi ukuze zilawule. Isiguquli samandla sidinga i-voltage yesigaba esisodwa engu-220V.
Ingxoxo Emfishane Ngamadivayisi Okuhlenga Esimeni Esiphuthumayo Wokucisha Ugesi Esikheshi
Nakuba ezinye iziguquli zefrikhwensi zingenawo umsebenzi wokufaka wesigaba esisodwa esingu-220V, zinomsebenzi wokusebenza wokufaka we-DC low-voltage. Isibonelo, iziguquli zefrikhwensi ye-Yaskawa G5 ne-L7 zingasebenzisa i-DC 48V ekusebenzeni kwesivinini esiphansi. Ngalo msebenzi, idivayisi ephuthumayo yokuphela kukagesi efana ne-UPS ingaklanywa. Isakhiwo sayo sihlanganisa ukushaja/i-inverter yamandla aphansi kanye nebhethri. Uma ukunikezwa kwamandla kujwayelekile, ukushaja/i-inverter ishaja ibhethri. Uma ugesi ucisha, ibhethri liyashintsha ukuze likhiqize ugesi ongu-220V ukuze ikhabhinethi yokulawula isebenze. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ibhethri linikeza amandla kutheminali yokufaka ye-DC yesiguquli sefrikhwensi, esishayela injini ukuthi isebenze ngesivinini esiphansi.
Ukuqhathaniswa Kwamadivayisi Wokutakula Okuphuthumayo Kokunqamuka Kwamandla
Ngokuhlaziywa kwezimiso zesakhiwo sedivayisi yokuhlenga izimo eziphuthumayo yokuphela kukagesi ngenhla, singaqhathanisa ukusebenza kwayo futhi sinikeze ireferensi yesiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kwemboni.
(1) I-Universality
Uhlobo lokuqala lunokujwayelekile okuhle emishinini ye-asynchronous, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwayo emishinini yokuvumelanisa kunqunyelwe; Uhlobo lwesibili alukwazi ukusetshenziswa kuzo zonke iziguquli zefrikhwensi futhi lungaphansi kwemikhawulo ethile ekusetshenzisweni. Nokho, kubakhiqizi besiguquli se-frequency converter, inqobo nje uma kunesidingo semakethe, kulula ngokuqhathaniswa ukwengeza okokufaka kwesigaba esisodwa okungu-220V noma imisebenzi yokufaka ye-DC low-voltage, futhi azikho izindleko ezengeziwe ezidingekayo. Ngakho-ke, ngokwejwayelekile, isigaba sesibili sinendawo enkulu yokuthuthukiswa;
(2) Ezokuphepha
Uhlobo lokuqala lwedivayisi ephuthumayo yokucima kukagesi lusebenza ngokuhudula ikheshi ngokuqondile. Ngaphandle kokulawula okuqinile, kunethuba eliphezulu lengozi; Uhlobo lwesibili lwedivayisi ephuthumayo yokuphela kukagesi alulawuli ngokuqondile ukusebenza kwekheshi, kodwa lunikeza amandla ekhabetheni lokulawula, elilawula ikheshi. Mayelana nokuphepha, akuhlukile kakhulu ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile, futhi alikho iphutha lesignali yendawo lapho kubuyiselwa ukunikezwa kwamandla okujwayelekile. Ngokusobala, ukusebenza kokuphepha kohlobo lwesibili lwedivayisi ephuthumayo yokuphela kukagesi kungcono.
(3) Ukusebenza kwezomnotho
Ngokuya ngesakhiwo sangaphakathi somkhiqizo, uhlobo lokuqala lwedivayisi ephuthumayo yokuphela kukagesi luyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunohlobo lwesibili. Akukona nje kuphela ukuthi inokutholwa kokuphepha, ukuphuma kwe-contactor nezinye izifunda engxenyeni yokulawula, kodwa futhi inengxenye ye-inverter ye-DC enezigaba ezintathu. Ngakho-ke, izindleko zayo eziqondile zezinto ezibonakalayo ziphakeme kakhulu kunezohlobo lwesibili lwedivayisi ephuthumayo yokuphela kukagesi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengomkhiqizo okhethekile, ukukhishwa kwawo kanye nesilinganiso sokukhiqiza kuncane kakhulu kune-UPS, okuwumkhiqizo wendawo yonke, futhi kwandisa izindleko zomkhiqizo wawo. Ngokwentengo, uhlobo lokuqala lwedivayisi ephuthumayo yokuphela kukagesi lubiza ngokuphindwe kabili kunohlobo lwesibili.