Abahlinzeki bemishini yokonga ugesi echwebeni bakukhumbuza ukuthi ukuthuthuka okusheshayo kokusebenza komhlaba wonke kusheshise ukusakazwa kwempahla echwebeni. Amathuluzi amakhulu ezikhumulweni zemikhumbi adinga ukuqedela ukunyakaza okuqondile okuhambisanayo ngesikhathi sokusebenza, okudla amandla amaningi futhi kukhiqize inani elikhulu lamandla avuselelekayo kusukela kumishini emikhulu yokuphakamisa. Ngokuhlola kuphela ubuchwepheshe bokonga amandla kanye nokunciphisa ukungcola emishinini emikhulu yokuphakamisa lapho singakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezimfuneko zaseShayina zokonga amandla kanye nokunciphisa ukungcola.
Ukwamukela ukonga amandla kanye nobuchwepheshe bokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kumjikelezo oyinhloko kanye nemodi yokulawula isekethe
Isakhiwo samandla kagesi wesekethe esikhulu sangaphakathi semishini emikhulu yokuphakamisa ezikhumulweni ngokuvamile sithatha isiguquli sevoltheji yebhuloho enezigaba ezintathu. Isilungisi kabusha sesiguquli se-voltage yebhuloho lesigaba sesithathu sakhiwe ngesakhiwo se-topological, futhi isakhiwo samandla kagesi sohlangothi lwe-AC sinokuzinza okukhulu. Isakhiwo sayo sangaphakathi asinakho ukuxhumana okungathathi hlangothi futhi sisebenza esakhiweni sangaphakathi sesigaba sesithathu esilinganayo. Isiguquli se-voltage yebhuloho lesigaba sesithathu singalawulwa ngasikhathi sinye izishintshi zamandla eziyisithupha ze-IGBT ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ngokusebenza okuqinile. Ngokufaka isihlungi sokulinganisa inethiwekhi ngaphakathi kwe-topology yesilungisi, ama-harmonics ane-oda eliphezulu ngaphakathi angabonwa ngamadivayisi angaphandle wesilungisi. Amandla weyunithi wesifunda esikhulu athintwa ukulungiswa kwesici. Ohlangothini lwe-AC lwesekethe eyinhloko, kwamukelwa igridi yamandla ene-voltage yesifunda efanayo. Uma isici samandla eyunithi siphenduka, i-current of the AC side main circuit ihluka kuyunithi yamandla kagesi cishe ngo-180 °.
Ukuze kuzuzwe ukongiwa kwamandla kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwemishini emikhulu yokuphakamisa, ubuchwepheshe obufanele bungamukelwa ukuze kulawulwe amandla amanje kanye ne-voltage yesekethe enkulu kuqala. Lapho usebenzisa okomshini, shintsha isilawuli sokuqala sohlobo lwe-voltage yebhuloho yezigaba ezintathu, okungukuthi, shintsha isilungisi sokuqala se-PWM ngesilawuli se-PI, shintsha amapharamitha amanje kumakhonco okushintshanisayo, ukuze i-AC side yasekuqaleni ibe yamanje ye-DC engashintshi, futhi ulungise lonke uhlelo lwesekethe ngaphandle kwephutha. Ngokushintsha i-current of the main circuit, umgomo wokonga amandla kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kungafinyelelwa. Imodi yokulawula yesifunda nayo ingashintshwa ngokulawula usayizi wamanje, futhi imodi yokulawula yesifunda ingashintshwa ngobuchwepheshe obuqondile bamanje. Ekusebenzeni kwangempela kwemishini emikhulu yokuphakamisa imishini, amandla okuhlunga ngaphakathi kwesekhethi azobona i-voltage ne-voltage ngaphakathi kwesekethe ngokusekelwe kumandla wengxenye yamanje esebenzayo.
Ukulinganisa okunembile nokutholwa kwe-voltage amplitude nakho kungenziwa, futhi inani lamandla lesekethe yasekuqaleni lingashintshwa yimvamisa yamanje yesekethe yangaphakathi, ukuze inani lamandla elilawulwa yisekethe libe sesimweni esingaguquki, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi okwamanje ngasohlangothini lwe-AC kuyasebenza, kuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwesistimu yesekethe, nokuqinisekisa isimo sokusebenza kwesici samandla sohlelo. Ukumiswa kobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana nakho kungafinyelela umgomo wokongiwa kwamandla kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa. Imodi yokuxhumana kanye nemishini yokuxhumana yamanje ekulawuleni isifunda kulawulwa ngokuyinhloko uhlelo lokulawula oluyinhloko. Enqubweni yokulawula ukuxhumana, isifunda esikhulu singasebenzisa indlela yokuthumela imiyalo yamandla asebenzayo ukuze kuqedelwe isixhumanisi nokusetshenziswa kwesinxephezelo samandla asebenzayo. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokwenza izinto ezinkulu zokuphakamisa amandla ukuze kuzuzwe ukonga amandla kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi semisebenzi yokwakha, kodwa futhi kunomthelela othile ekuzinzeni kwesistimu yesekethe yangaphakathi yemishini emikhulu yokuphakamisa.
Ukusebenzisa amadivaysi empendulo yamandla ukwamukela ukonga amandla kanye nobuchwepheshe bokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa
Imishini emikhulu yokuphakamisa izothwala iziqukathi ukuze zilayishe izimpahla ngesikhathi sokwakha, futhi indawo engaguquki yokugcina iziqukathi ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa imisebenzi yokwakha kusetshenziswa imishini emikhulu yokuphakamisa efana nokhrayini bamathayi. Imishini yayo yangaphakathi ikakhulukazi iqukethe izimoto ezinkulu, izimoto ezincane, nezinto zokuphakamisa. Faka idivayisi yokuguqula imvamisa ohlelweni lwangaphakathi lesiqukathi, lawula okwamanje ngesiguquli samafrikhwensi ohlangothini olungaphakathi lwesiqukathi. Lapho kulungiswa ijubane lesisetshenziswa, isiguquli sefrikhwensi siyafakwa futhi sibekwe sibheke phansi, ibhasi le-DC ngaphakathi kwesiqukathi njengendawo yokulawula yokufaka. Indlela ye-braking iyashintshwa kusukela endleleni yokuqala eyisisekelo yokubhuleka, futhi ukubhuleka kwenziwa ngendlela ye-braking resistor. Okungenhla umgomo wedivayisi yempendulo yamandla wemishini emikhulu yokuphakamisa ngesikhathi sokwakha.
Ukonga amandla nobuchwepheshe bokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa bamukelwa kudivayisi yempendulo yamandla. Ngokushintsha idivayisi yokuqala yempendulo yamandla kanye nokulawula othintana naye, isistimu yokulungisa engalawulwa kanye nedivayisi yempendulo yamandla ingalungiswa ngokukhululekile. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemishini, idivayisi yempendulo yamandla kanye nesistimu yokulungisa engalawulwa iyalungiswa. Esimeni sengozi noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwemishini emikhulu yokuphakamisa, isilawuli sokushintshwa sohlelo lokulungisa olungalawulwa singanqanyulwa ngokushesha. Uhlelo lwempendulo yamandla lungabuye lusetshenziselwe ukuhlolwa ukugwema ukulimala emishinini emikhulu yokuphakamisa okubangelwa ukwehluleka kwemishini. Ingaqinisekisa futhi ukuphepha komuntu siqu kwabasebenzi bokwakha futhi ithuthukise ukuphepha nokuthembeka kokusebenza kwechweba. Ophenyweni lwemishini yokuphakamisa emikhulu emachwebeni, kutholwe ukuthi ukufakwa kwemishini yempendulo yamandla kumathani angama-75 alayisha umkhumbi kanye nokusebenzisa amasistimu amanje angalawuleki ezilayidini zemikhumbi yensimbi. Ngokuqhathanisa, kwatholakala ukuthi izilayishi zemikhumbi ezinezinhlelo zamanje ezingalawuleki kanye nemishini yokuphendula amandla ziwonga kakhulu ugesi uma kuqhathaniswa nalawo angenawo amadivaysi, futhi imisebenzi yokwakha ngesikhathi esifushane ingasindisa ngaphezu kuka-35% wokusetshenziswa kukagesi.
Ngalolu cwaningo lokuqhathanisa olungenhla, kutholwe ukuthi ukufaka amadivaysi empendulo yamandla ngaphakathi kwempahla enkulu yokuphakamisa kunganikeza imininingwane ngesimo sokusebenza kwemishini ngempendulo yamandla, futhi kungasindisa ukusetshenziswa kukagesi, kufinyelele umgomo wokonga amandla kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa. Ngokufaka amadivaysi empendulo yamandla eziqukathi, opharetha bangaqapha isimo sezingxenye zangaphakathi zemishini yokusebenza nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Uma izinto ezingavamile sezitholakele emishinini yangaphakathi, izisebenzi zezobuchwepheshe ezifanele zingamenywa ngokushesha ukuthi zizozihlola futhi zizilungise, zigweme amaphutha okwakha abangelwa ukungazinzi kwesistimu yangaphakathi yesiqukathi, ukunciphisa imvamisa yokusebenza kabusha kwesibili, kanye nokuzuza ukonga amandla kanye nemiphumela yokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa ngokwezinga elithile.
Ngokucwaninga kwemishini yempendulo yamandla, isakhiwo sangaphakathi semishini yokuphakamisa emikhulu yendabuko iye yathuthukiswa, kwehliswa amaphutha phakathi nemisebenzi yokwakha futhi kwathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi wemishini yokuphakamisa emikhulu. Ngokuhlolwa, kubonisiwe ukuthi noma kufakwa amadivayisi empendulo yamandla emikhunjini emikhulu elayishayo neyothulayo, emishinini emikhulu elayishayo neyothulayo, noma imishini emikhulu yamathaya emachwebeni, ngokusetha amasistimu obuchwepheshe, opharetha bangakwazi ukubamba izimo zangaphakathi zemishini yokukhanda nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ukuthuthukisa ngokuphawulekayo ukusebenza kahle kwezisetshenziswa ezinkulu zokuphakamisa kanye nokuba nomthelela othile ezinzuzweni zezomnotho zamachweba, badlale indima ethile yokonga amandla.
Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo komnotho wohwebo lwangaphandle waseShayina, isidingo samandla nezinto zokwakha ekuhwebeni kwamachweba siyakhula. Ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokonga amandla kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwemishini emikhulu yokuphakamisa emachwebeni kuhambisana nokuqwashisa okuyisisekelo ukongiwa kwamandla emphakathini wesimanje kanye nesu lentuthuko esimeme. Ubuchwepheshe bokulondoloza amandla kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa bungasetshenziswa kumjikelezo oyinhloko nokulawula isekethe, ngokushintsha ukusebenza kwamanje kwemishini ngobuchwepheshe bedivayisi yangaphandle yezilungisi zesekethe. Imishini yempendulo yamandla nayo ingafakwa ukuze ihlale iqapha izimo zangaphakathi zemishini, ukunciphisa amaphutha okusebenza kwemishini, ukuthuthukisa ukunemba kokwakhiwa kwemishini yokuphakamisa emikhulu, nokufeza umgomo wokonga amandla nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa.