Eminyakeni yamuva, ukuthuthukiswa kwenkathi yezimboni, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bempendulo yamandla kuya ngokuya kuvame kakhulu. Kumakheshi, amakheshi ezimayini, ama-port cranes, ama-centrifuge asefekthri, amaphampu enkundla kawoyela nezinye izikhathi eziningi, kuzohambisana nezinguquko emandleni omthwalo namandla e-kinetic. Isibonelo, lapho ukuphakamisa, ama-cranes nokunye ukukhishwa kwemishini kwezimpahla ezinzima, amandla azoncishiswa, futhi lapho imishini ye-centrifuge iphansi, amandla e-kinetic azoncishiswa. Ngokomthetho wokongiwa kwamandla, siyazi ukuthi amandla angeke aphele emoyeni, ngakho le ngxenye yamandla yashonaphi? Impendulo ukuthi iguqulwa ibe ugesi ovuselelekayo ngenjini. Eqinisweni, ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo ezisebenzisa isilawuli esishintshashintshayo samafrikhwensi, le ngxenye kagesi ivamise ukumoshakala ngokuguqula isivimbeli sebhuleki sibe ukushisa.
Uma kukhona idivayisi esebenzisa le ngxenye kagesi ovuselelekayo ukuze ibuyele kugridi, ingalondoloza le ngxenye kagesi, futhi idlale umphumela wokonga ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Idivayisi yempendulo yamandla ingumkhiqizo onjalo. Isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuguqula ama-electronics amandla, indima yayo eyinhloko ukusebenzisa ugesi ovuselelekayo okhiqizwa imishini engenhla ngesikhathi sokusebenza, futhi iguqulele kumandla we-AC ahambisanayo abuyele kugridi, ukudlala umphumela wokonga ugesi.
Kuhlelo lwendabuko lokulawula imvamisa ehlanganisa ama-inverters avamile, ama-asynchronous motors kanye nemithwalo yemishini, lapho umthwalo omncane wamandla oshayelwa yinjini ukhishwa, injini ingase ibe sesimweni sokubhuleka sokukhiqiza amandla kabusha; Noma lapho injini yehla isuka ejubaneni elikhulu iye ejubaneni eliphansi (okuhlanganisa nokuma), imvamisa ingase yehle, kodwa ngenxa ye-inertia yemishini yemoto, injini ingase ibe sesimweni sokukhiqiza amandla kabusha, futhi amandla omshini agciniwe ohlelweni lokudlulisela aguqulwa abe ugesi yimoto, ebuyiselwa kumjikelezo we-DC we-inverter ngokusebenzisa ama-diode ayisithupha aqhubekayo amanje.
Eziguqulini ezijwayelekile, kunezindlela ezimbili ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zokucubungula amandla avuselelekayo:
(1) ihlakazeke "ku-braking resistance" ngokuhambisana ne-capacitor esethwe ngokuzenzisa kusekethe ye-DC, ebizwa ngokuthi yi-dynamic braking state;
(2) ukuze ibuyiselwe kugridi, ibizwa ngokuthi isimo sokubhuleka impendulo (esaziwa nangokuthi isimo sokubhuleka sokuvuselela). Kukhona futhi indlela yokubhuleka, okungukuthi, i-DC braking, ingasetshenziswa ezimeni ezidinga ukupaka okunembile noma ukujikeleza okungavamile kwe-motor brake ngaphambi kokuqala ngenxa yezinto zangaphandle.
I-Energy Brake
Ukusebenzisa ukumelana namabhuleki okusethwe kusekethe ye-DC ukumunca ugesi ovuselelekayo wemoto kubizwa nge-energy ukusetshenziswa braking. Izinzuzo zayo ukwakhiwa okulula, akukho ukungcola kugridi (uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhiqizwa kwempendulo), kanye nezindleko eziphansi; Okubi wukusebenza kahle okuphansi, ikakhulukazi uma ukubhuleka njalo kuzodla amandla amaningi futhi namandla okumelana namabhuleki azokhula.
Ngokuvamile, kusiguquli sefrikhwensi evamile, isiguquli samandla amancane (ngaphansi kuka-22kW) sineyunithi yebhuleki eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, idinga kuphela ukwengeza ukumelana namabhuleki. Isiguquli sefrikhwensi yamandla aphezulu (ngaphezulu kuka-22kW) sidinga iyunithi yamabhuleki yangaphandle, ukumelana namabhuleki.
Impendulo Brake
Ukuze uzuze ukubhuleka kwempendulo yamandla kudinga i-voltage nefrikhwensi kanye nokulawulwa kwesigaba, isilawuli samanje sempendulo nezinye izimo. Kuwukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokubuyisela emuva obusebenzayo, ukubuyisela ugesi ovuselelekayo kugridi ngefrikhwensi efanayo namandla wesigaba se-AC ubuyele kugridi, ngaleyo ndlela kuzuzwe ukubhuleka.
Inzuzo ye-feedback braking ukuthi ingasebenzisa ama-quadrants amane, futhi impendulo yamandla kagesi ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu. Ububi bayo yilezi:
(1) Le ndlela yokubhuleka impendulo ingasetshenziswa kuphela ngaphansi kukagesi wegridi ozinzile okungelula ukwehluleka ukwehluleka (ukushintshashintsha kwegridi kagesi akungaphezu kuka-10%). Ngoba uma ibhuleki lokukhiqiza amandla lisebenza, isikhathi sokuhluleka kwegridi kagesi sikhulu kuno-2ms, kungase kwenzeke ukwehluleka koshintsho lwesigaba, kulimaze idivayisi.
(2) Empendulweni, kukhona ukungcoliswa kwe-harmonic kugridi.
(3) Ukulawula okuyinkimbinkimbi, izindleko eziphezulu.
Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kocwaningo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-frequency converters ekhaya naphesheya, ikakhulukazi iziguquli zefrikhwensi ezisebenza emhlabeni wonke ziye zasetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni izimboni, ubuchwepheshe bempendulo yezamandla buzosetshenziswa kabusha kakhulu.