A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ci gaban zamanin masana'antu, aikace-aikacen fasahar mayar da martani na makamashi yana ƙara zama gama gari. A cikin lif, na'urorin hawan ma'adanan, cranes na tashar jiragen ruwa, masana'anta centrifuges, famfo filin mai da sauran lokuta da yawa, za su kasance tare da canje-canje a yuwuwar lodi da makamashin motsa jiki. Alal misali, lokacin da ɗagawa, cranes da sauran na'ura na inji na kaya masu nauyi, makamashi zai ragu, kuma lokacin da kayan aikin centrifuge ya ragu, za a rage yawan makamashin motsa jiki. Bisa ka'idar kiyaye makamashi, mun san cewa makamashi ba zai ɓace daga iska ba, to ina wannan ɓangaren makamashi ya tafi? Amsar ita ce cewa an canza shi zuwa wutar lantarki mai sabuntawa ta motar. A haƙiƙa, a cikin kayan aikin da ke amfani da ikon sarrafa mitar mitoci, galibin wannan ɓangaren wutar lantarki yana ɓarna ne ta hanyar mai da birki resistor zuwa zafi.
Idan akwai na'urar da ke amfani da wannan bangare na wutar lantarki mai sabuntawa don komawa cikin grid, to za ta iya ceton wannan bangare na wutar lantarki, kuma ta yi tasirin ceton makamashi. Na'urar amsa makamashi irin wannan samfur ne. Yana amfani da fasahar canza wutar lantarki, babban aikinta shine ta yi amfani da wutar lantarki mai sabuntawa da kayan aikin da ke sama ke samarwa yayin aiki, da kuma jujjuya wutar lantarki ta AC mai daidaitawa zuwa grid, don kunna tasirin ceton wutar lantarki.
A cikin tsarin kula da mitar na gargajiya wanda ya ƙunshi juzu'in jujjuyawar mitar mitoci, injinan asynchronous da na'urori masu nauyi, lokacin da aka sauke nauyin makamashin bit ɗin da motar ke motsa, motar na iya kasancewa cikin yanayin haɓaka ƙarfin ƙarfin birki; Ko kuma lokacin da motar ke raguwa daga babban gudu zuwa ƙananan gudu (ciki har da tsayawa), mitar na iya raguwa, amma saboda inertia na injin, motar na iya kasancewa a cikin yanayin samar da wutar lantarki, kuma makamashin injin da aka adana a cikin tsarin watsawa ya canza zuwa wutar lantarki ta hanyar motar, wanda aka mayar da shi zuwa da'irar DC na inverter ta hanyar diodes shida na yanzu na inverter.
Gabaɗaya masu jujjuya mitoci, akwai hanyoyin sarrafa makamashi mai sabuntawa guda biyu da aka fi amfani da su:
(1) ya bazu cikin "juriya na birki" a layi daya tare da capacitor da aka saita ta wucin gadi a cikin da'irar DC, wanda ake kira yanayin birki mai ƙarfi;
(2) don mayar da shi zuwa grid, ana kiranta yanayin birki na amsawa (wanda kuma aka sani da yanayin birki na sabuntawa). Hakanan akwai hanyar birki, wato DC birki, ana iya amfani da ita a cikin yanayin da ake buƙatar ingantaccen wurin ajiye motoci ko jujjuya birki na babur kafin farawa saboda dalilai na waje.
Birki na Makamashi
Yin amfani da juriyar birki da aka saita a cikin da'irar DC don ɗaukar sabunta wutar lantarki na motar ana kiranta ƙarfin amfani da birki. Amfaninsa shine gini mai sauƙi, babu gurɓatacce ga grid (idan aka kwatanta da masana'antar amsawa), da ƙarancin farashi; Lalacewar ƙarancin aiki ne, musamman lokacin da akai-akai birki zai cinye makamashi mai yawa kuma ƙarfin juriyar birki zai ƙaru.
Gabaɗaya, a cikin juzu'in mitar mitar, ƙaramin mitar wutar lantarki (ƙasa da 22kW) yana da ginin birki, kawai yana buƙatar ƙara juriya. Babban mai sauya wutar lantarki (sama da 22kW) yana buƙatar naúrar birki ta waje, juriyar birki.
Birki na martani
Don cimma nasarar mayar da martanin makamashi na buƙatar ƙarfin lantarki da mita da sarrafa lokaci, sarrafa martani na yanzu da sauran yanayi. Yin amfani da fasahar juzu'i mai aiki, don juyar da wutar lantarki mai sabuntawa zuwa grid tare da mitar guda ɗaya da ƙarfin AC na baya zuwa grid, don haka samun birki.
Amfanin birki na amsawa shine yana iya tafiyar da hudu quadrants, kuma martanin makamashin lantarki yana inganta ingantaccen tsarin. Lalacewarsa shine:
(1) Wannan hanyar birkin martani za a iya amfani da ita kawai a ƙarƙashin madaidaicin wutar lantarki wanda ba shi da sauƙin faɗuwa (sauyin wutar lantarki bai wuce 10%) ba. Domin lokacin da birki na samar da wutar lantarki ke gudana, lokacin gazawar grid ya fi 2ms, yana iya faruwa gazawar canjin lokaci, lalata na'urar.
(2) A cikin ra'ayoyin, akwai gurɓatawar jituwa ga grid.
(3) Sarrafawa mai rikitarwa, tsada mai tsada.
Tare da saurin ci gaba da bincike da aikace-aikacen masu sauya mitoci a gida da waje, musamman ma masu canza mitar na duniya an yi amfani da su sosai wajen samar da masana'antu, fasahar amsa makamashi za ta ƙara yin amfani da ita.