Iyunithi yokumpompa imishayo iwumshini wokuxhumanisa wamabha amane awonakele, futhi izici zayo zesakhiwo sezizonke zifana nebhalansi. Omunye umkhawulo uwumthwalo wokumpompa, kanti omunye uwumthwalo osindayo olinganiselayo. Kubakaki, uma i-torque eyenziwe umthwalo wokupompa kanye nomthwalo wokulinganisa ulingana noma ushintsha ngokuqhubekayo, khona-ke iyunithi yokupompa ingasebenza ngokuqhubekayo futhi ingaphazanyiswa ngamandla amancane kakhulu. Okusho ukuthi, ubuchwepheshe bokulondoloza amandla weyunithi yokupompa buncike ebhalansi. Lapho ibhalansi iphansi isilinganiso, amandla amakhulu adingekayo enjini kagesi. Ngenxa yokuthi umthwalo wokumpompa uhlala ushintsha, futhi isisindo sebhalansi asikwazi ukuhambisana ngokuphelele nomthwalo wokumpompa, kwenza ubuchwepheshe bokonga amandla bamayunithi okumpompa ama-beam buyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kungashiwo ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bokulondoloza amandla weyunithi yokupompa i-beam ubuchwepheshe bokulinganisa.
Isingeniso Sesimo Samanje Sokuguqulwa Kokuguquguquka Kwe-Beam Emisiwe
Kusukela esimeni sangempela sokuguqulwa kokuguqulwa kwemvamisa, iningi lama-counterweights amayunithi okumpompa empeleni alilinganiseli kakhulu, okuholela ekuqhumeni kwamanje okweqile, okungachithi nje amandla kagesi amaningi ngokungadingekile, kodwa futhi kusongela kakhulu ukuphepha kwezinto zokusebenza. Ngasikhathi sinye, iphinde ibeke ubunzima obukhulu bokusebenzisa isilawuli sesivinini se-frequency converter: umthamo we-converter frequency ngokuvamile ukhethwa ngokusekelwe kumandla alinganisiwe wemoto, futhi amandla okwanda ngokweqile angabangela ukuvikelwa kokulayisha ngokweqile kwesiguquli semvamisa, esingakwazi ukusebenza ngokujwayelekile.
Ukwengeza, esigabeni sokuqala sokuxhashazwa komthombo kawoyela, kunenani elikhulu lokugcina uwoyela kanye nokutholakala koketshezi olwanele. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokutholwa kukawoyela, ukusebenza kwemvamisa engaguquki kungamukelwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukukhiqizwa kukawoyela okuphezulu. Kodwa-ke, ezigabeni ezimaphakathi nezakamuva, ngenxa yokuncipha kwamandla okugcina amafutha, kulula ukubangela ukutholakala koketshezi okwanele. Uma injini isasebenza esimweni samanje, izomosha amandla kagesi nakanjani futhi ibangele ukulahlekelwa okungadingekile. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukucabangela isimo sangempela sokusebenza futhi unciphise ngokufanelekile isivinini se-motor kanye ne-stroke ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngempumelelo izinga lokushaja.
Ukwethulwa kobuchwepheshe bokuguqula imvamisa ibe kulawulwa amayunithi okuphampa i-boam kuyithrendi. Ukulawulwa kwejubane lokuvama okuguquguqukayo kungokulawulwa kwejubane elingenasinyathelo, okunquma imvamisa yokusebenza yemoto ngokususelwa kubukhulu bamanje okusebenza kwayo. Lokhu kuvumela ukulungiswa okulula kwe-stroke yeyunithi yokumpompa ngokuvumelana nezinguquko ezimweni zemithombo, ukufeza ukongiwa kwamandla kanye nokuthuthukisa isici samandla segridi yamandla. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokulawula ukuguqulwa kwe-vector frequency kungaqinisekisa ukuphuma kwe-torque ephansi nephezulu, futhi isivinini singalungiswa kahle futhi silungiswe kabanzi. Ngasikhathi sinye, isiguquli semvamisa sinemisebenzi ephelele yokuvikela imoto, njengesekethe emfishane, ukulayishwa ngokweqile, ukugcwala ngokweqile, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-voltage, kanye nesitebele, esingavikela ngempumelelo imishini yemoto neyomshini, iqinisekise ukuthi okokusebenza kusebenza ku-voltage ephephile, futhi kunezinzuzo eziningi njengokusebenza okushelelayo nokuthembekile, amandla athuthukisiwe, njll. Kuyisixazululo esifanelekile sokuguqulwa kwemishini yokukhiqiza uwoyela. Izixazululo zamanje ezijwayelekile zimi kanje:
Inketho 1: Idrayivu yefrikhwensi eguquguqukayo eneyunithi yokubhuleka yokusetshenziswa kwamandla
Le ndlela ilula, kodwa ukusebenza kahle kwayo kuphansi. Lokhu kubangelwa ikakhulukazi impendulo yamandla akhiqizwa injini ngesikhathi sokushaywa phansi ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwejubane njalo. Uma usebenzisa isiguquli sefrikhwensi evamile, okokufaka kuyalungiswa, futhi amandla awakwazi ukugelezela ngakolunye uhlangothi. Ingxenye engenhla yamandla kagesi ayinayo indlela yokugeleza ibuyele kugridi futhi kufanele isetshenziswe endaweni kusetshenziswa izinto eziphikisayo. Yingakho kufanele kusetshenziswe amayunithi amabhuleki adla amandla, okuholela ngokuqondile ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla okuphezulu kanye nokusebenza kahle okuphansi jikelele.
Ukungalungi: Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla okuphansi kanye nesidingo sokufaka amayunithi okubhuleka nama-resistors amabhuleki.
Inketho 2: Idrayivu yefrikhwensi eguquguqukayo enokulawulwa kweyunithi yempendulo
Ukuze uphendule amandla avuselelwe futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle, idivayisi yempendulo yamandla ingasetshenziswa ukubuyisela amandla avuselelwe kugridi yamandla. Ngale ndlela, uhlelo luba nzima kakhulu futhi ukutshalwa kwezimali kuphezulu. Idivayisi ebizwa ngempendulo yamandla empeleni iyisiguquli esisebenzayo. Ngokufaka isiguquli sefrikhwensi eneyunithi yempendulo yamandla, abasebenzisi banganquma ukuguquguquka, isivinini, nokukhiqizwa koketshezi kweyunithi yokumpompa ngokusekelwe ezingeni loketshezi nokucindezela komthombo kawoyela, ukwehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwephampu; Yehlisa ukuguga kwemishini, unwebe impilo yesevisi, uthole ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukonga amandla, nezindleko eziphansi, futhi ubone ukusebenza okuzenzakalelayo ngaphansi kwezimo eziphezulu zokonga amandla. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yemodi yokusebenza yesiguquli semvamisa kanye nedivayisi yempendulo, ukusetshenziswa kohlelo lwempendulo yamandla kubangela ukungcoliswa okubalulekile kwe-harmonic ekugcineni kokunikezwa kwamandla, okuholela ekwehleni okukhulu kwekhwalithi yegridi yamandla.
Ukubi: Kudinga ukufakwa kwemishini yempendulo, ebiza kakhulu futhi ebangela ukungcoliswa okuphawulekayo kugridi yamandla.
Ngokucutshungulwa okujulile kwenqubo yeyunithi yokumpompa imishayo emisiwe, kusetshenziswa i-software ehlakaniphile esekelwe ohlelweni olumisiwe lokulawula iyunithi yokumpompa, futhi ukulawulwa okukabili okuvalekile kwamandla namandla kusetshenziswa ukuze kuzuzwe ukulungiswa okuqhubekayo nokushelelayo kokuphumayo, ukuqeda ukulawulwa kwetorque engalungile, nokugwema impendulo yamandla e-motor kinetic kanye ne-voltage yebhasi ephezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umgomo wokuqeda iyunithi yokubhuleka kanye nedivayisi yempendulo yamandla uyafinyelelwa, ngokugwema izithiyo ezihlukahlukene zezinhlelo zokuguqula imvamisa evamile.
Umbono wokulawula oyinhloko walolu hlelo ukulawula amandla okukhipha njalo. Isiguquli sefrikhwensi sisekelwe kumodi yokulawula ye-PID eneluphu yamandla ephuma njalo. Ngokulungisa imvamisa yokuphumayo, ukulawulwa kwamandla okukhipha njalo kungafinyelelwa, okunganciphisa ngempumelelo isilinganiso samandla okukhiphayo, kuzuze ukonga amandla okusebenzayo, nokuvikela indlela yeyunithi yokumpompa ngenkathi kuhlangatshezwana nezidingo zomfutho. Okusho ukuthi, isiguquli semvamisa asidingi ukusetha imvamisa ethile yokusebenza, futhi imvamisa yangempela yokuphuma ilungiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo nge-PID evaliwe-loop. Ngesikhathi se-downstroke, ngenxa ye-inertia enkulu yomthwalo, lapho ijubane lokuvumelanisa liphansi kunejubane lemoto, i-motor ikhiqiza ugesi, futhi i-torque ephumayo yesiguquli semvamisa ayilungile. Ngalesi sikhathi, isiguquli sefrikhwensi sinyusa ngokuzenzakalelayo imvamisa yokuphumayo ukuze kuqedwe itorque engalungile futhi kugwemeke ukuthi injini ibe sesimweni sokukhiqiza. Ngesikhathi sokukhuphuka, amandla angaba khona aguqulwa ngokuphelele abe amandla e-kinetic. Ngalesi sikhathi, isivinini siphezulu futhi inertia iphezulu. Injini yehlisa isivinini ukuze yenze isenzo sokukhuphuka. Uma isivinini siphansi, isiguquli sefrikhwensi sisebenza kumodi yokulawula ye-PID enamandla okukhipha njalo. Ngalesi sikhathi, isiguquli se-frequency sandisa ngokuzenzakalelayo isivinini sokushaya ukuze uqedele isenzo sokukhuphuka.
Ngayo yonke inqubo yokulawula, kuyaziwa ukuthi injini ayizange ibe sesimweni sokukhiqiza, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokufaka iyunithi yokubhuleka kanye nedivayisi yempendulo ye-RBU. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, phakathi nayo yonke inqubo ye-stroke, i-downstroke ihamba kancane futhi amafutha amaningi angacwiliswa; Ukukhuphuka okusheshayo, kunciphisa ukuvuza kwamafutha: kukhulisa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kukawoyela.
Izinzuzo: Asikho isidingo sokufaka ukusetshenziswa kwamandla noma amadivaysi empendulo, izindleko eziphansi; Futhi ithuthukise inqubo yokukhipha uwoyela, ithuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza kahle okuphelele komshini; I-voltage yebhasi ye-converter frequency izinzile, ukusetshenziswa kokushisa kukonke kuphansi, futhi ukuzinza okuphelele kungcono. Izici zobuchwepheshe:
Okuqondene nembonini: Ngokusekelwe kungqondongqondo yesofthiwe yenqubo yokulawula iyunithi yokumpompa, izuza ngempela izixazululo eziqondene nezimboni nezihamba phambili.
Ukukhetha okunokwethenjelwa okuphezulu: Izingxenye ezibalulekile zonke zivela kumikhiqizo eyaziwayo yasekhaya neyangaphandle, eqinisekisa ukuzinza okuthembekile nokuthembekile kwezingxenye.
◆ Idizayini enkulu yokuphinda isetshenziswe kabusha: Ngokubala okuqinile nokuqinisekisa kokuhlola, izingxenye ezibalulekile zenzelwe ama-margins amakhulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside kwawo wonke umshini ezindaweni ezinokhahlo zamafutha.
Ukulawulwa kwe-vector okuthuthukisiwe: Ukulawulwa kwe-vector okuhamba phambili kwesivinini kwasekhaya okuhamba phambili nge-torque ephezulu ephansi kanye nokuphendula kwetorque esheshayo.
◆ Umsebenzi wokunciphisa i-Software wamanje kanye ne-voltage: I-voltage enhle kanye nomkhawulo wamanje, okukhawulela ngempumelelo amapharamitha okhiye wokulawula ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokuhluleka kwe-inverter.
Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kwemvelo okuqinile: Ngephuzu eliphezulu lokushisa eliphelele, idizayini yepayipi lomoya elizimele, kanye nokwelashwa kopende okufakazela ubufakazi obuthathu, ifaneleka kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwesikhathi eside ezindaweni zikawoyela zangaphandle.
◆ Umsebenzi wokuqalisa kabusha ukulandelela isivinini: finyelela isiqalo esibushelelezi samamotho ajikelezayo ngaphandle komthelela
◆ Umsebenzi wokulungisa i-voltage ezenzakalelayo: Lapho i-voltage yegridi ishintsha, ingagcina ngokuzenzakalelayo i-voltage ephumayo engaguquki
Ukuvikelwa kwamaphutha okuphelele: i-overcurrent, overvoltage, undervoltage, overtemperature, ukulahleka kwesigaba, ukulayisha ngokweqile kanye neminye imisebenzi yokuvikela