Masu samar da na'urori masu amsawa na makamashi don masu canza mita suna tunatar da ku cewa a cikin masana'antu na zamani, injiniyoyi wani nau'i ne na kayan aiki masu amfani da makamashi mai yawa tare da aikace-aikace masu yawa. Bisa kididdigar da aka yi, yawan karfin da kasar Sin ta girka ya kai kilowatt miliyan 400, inda ake amfani da wutar lantarki a kowace shekara na sa'o'in kilowatt biliyan 600, wanda ya kai kashi 70-80% na wutar lantarki da masana'antu ke amfani da su. Kasar Sin ta fi dogaro ne da kanana da matsakaita masu girma dabam, wanda ya kai kusan kashi 80%, yayin da adadin wutar lantarki da kanana da matsakaitan motoci ke amfani da shi ya kai kashi 90% na asarar da aka yi. A cikin aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen injina a kasar Sin, akwai babban gibi idan aka kwatanta da kasashen waje, tare da ingancin naúrar 75%, wanda ya kai 10% ƙasa da ƙasashen waje; Ingantaccen aiki na tsarin shine 30-40%, wanda shine 20-30% ƙasa da matakin ci gaba na duniya. Don haka, manyan motoci masu girma da matsakaici a kasar Sin suna da babban karfin ceton makamashi, kuma inganta kiyaye makamashin motoci yana da matukar muhimmanci.
Saboda tsarinsa mai sauƙi, masana'anta mai sauƙi, ƙananan farashi, ɗorewa, aiki mai dogara, da dacewa ga wurare masu tsauri, an yi amfani da motocin asynchronous a cikin masana'antu da samar da noma. Musamman don jan famfo da magoya baya a masana'antu daban-daban, aikin ceton makamashi na injina don jan famfo da fanfo yana da daraja sosai.
Tare da haɓakar haɓakar kimiyya da fasaha cikin sauri, musamman babban haɓakawa da aikace-aikacen fasahar lantarki, fasahar microelectronics, da fasahar sarrafa atomatik, tasirin ceton makamashi na masu canza mitar ya zama mafi mahimmanci. Yana ba zai iya kawai cimma stepless gudun tsari, amma kuma aiki da nagarta sosai a karkashin daban-daban lodi, tare da kyau tsauri halaye, kuma zai iya cimma high-yi, high AMINCI, da kuma high-madaidaici atomatik iko. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin kayyade saurin gudu kamar ka'idar saurin rage ƙarfin lantarki, tsarin canjin sandar gudu, tsarin saurin zamewa, tsarin saurin saurin AC, da sauransu, ƙa'idar saurin mitar mai canzawa tana da ingantaccen aiki, kewayon ƙa'idar saurin gudu, da babban inganci. Tare da haɓaka ka'idar sarrafawa ta zamani da fasahar lantarki, fasahar daidaita saurin mitar AC tana ƙara zama cikakke kuma ta zama yanayin ƙa'idar saurin motsin AC. An yi amfani da na'urorin sarrafa saurin mitoci masu canzawa (VFDs) ko'ina a fagen masana'antu.
Yin amfani da masu juyawa na mitar don watsa siginar sarrafa saurin sauri yana da sauri, tsarin sarrafawa yana da ɗan gajeren lokaci, amsawa yana da mahimmanci, daidaitaccen tsarin daidaitawa yana da girma, amfani da shi ya dace, kuma yana da kyau don inganta kayan aiki na samarwa, tabbatar da inganci, da rage farashin samarwa. Don haka, yin amfani da na'urori masu sauya mitoci sanannen samfuri ne don ceton makamashi da rage yawan amfani a masana'antu da kamfanonin hakar ma'adinai.
Na'urar ceton kuzarin mitar mitar mitoci sabon juyi ne na takamaiman samfurin sarrafawa. Dangane da fasahar sarrafa dijital ta microprocessor, tana daidaita ƙarfin lantarki da halin yanzu a cikin injina na aikin injin ta hanyar ginanniyar kayan aikin sarrafa kayan aikin ceton makamashi. Ba tare da canza saurin motar ba, yana tabbatar da cewa ƙarfin fitarwa na motar ya dace da buƙatar kaya daidai, yadda ya kamata ya guje wa ɓarna na makamashin lantarki wanda ya haifar da wuce kima na motar.
Motocin AC a halin yanzu sun kasance mafi yawan motocin da ake amfani da su, sun kai kusan kashi 85% na kowane nau'in injin. Suna da fa'idodi na tsari mai sauƙi, ƙananan farashi, kuma babu buƙatar kulawa. Koyaya, raunin su shine wahalar sarrafa saurin, wanda ke iyakance amfani da su a aikace-aikace da yawa ko buƙatar hanyoyin injiniya don cimma ƙa'idodin saurin gudu.
There are two typical applications of frequency converters in terms of load types: 1. Constant torque application; 2. Variable torque application. In terms of application purposes, the main objectives are: 1. To improve the process, ensuring the rotational speed during the process, the rotational speed under different loads, and accurate positioning. With its excellent speed regulation performance, it can improve productivity, enhance product quality, improve comfort, rationalize equipment, adapt or improve the environment, etc. 2. The main purpose of energy-saving transformation is to achieve significant results by controlling the speed of fans and pumps that require flow or pressure regulation.
The principle of variable frequency speed regulation
Motor loads such as fans, water pumps, air compressors, hydraulic oil pumps, and circulation pumps account for the vast majority of the power consuming equipment used in enterprises. Due to technical limitations, almost all flow, pressure, or air volume control systems for such loads are valve controlled systems, where the motor is driven at rated speed and the system provides constant flow, pressure, or air volume. When the equipment's operating requirements change, the load flow, pressure, or air volume is adjusted by overflow, relief valves, or proportional regulators located at the outlet end to meet the changing needs of the equipment's operating conditions. After the overflow valve or proportional control valve overflows, a large amount of energy will be released, and this dissipated energy is actually a part of the energy absorbed by the motor from the power grid, causing great waste of electrical energy. From the working characteristics of this type of load, it can be seen that the motor power is proportional to the cube of the speed, and the speed is proportional to the frequency. If we change the working mode of the motor so that it does not always operate at the rated working frequency, but instead uses a variable frequency adjustment control system for start stop control and adjustment operation, its speed can be continuously adjustable within the range of 0~2900r/min, that is, the output flow rate, pressure or air volume can also be continuously adjustable within the range of 0~100%, so as to accurately match the working needs of the load and achieve the goal of energy conservation and consumption reduction.
The AC motor speed is as follows: n=60f (1-s)/p
In the formula: n=motor speed
F=power frequency
P=number of poles of the motor
S=slip rate
As can be seen from the equation, the synchronous speed n of an AC motor is directly proportional to the power frequency f. Therefore, changing the power frequency can change the motor speed and achieve the purpose of speed regulation.
Principle of variable frequency speed regulation for energy saving
Maɓallin saurin mitar mai canzawa yana adana wutar lantarki, kamar yadda sunan ke nunawa, ƙa'idar saurin mitar mai canzawa kawai zai iya adana wutar lantarki. A ƙasa akwai nazarin ƙa'idodin ceton makamashi don aikace-aikacen kaya guda biyu na yau da kullun.
(1) Aikace-aikacen lodi na yau da kullun
Matsakaicin juzu'i na yau da kullun yana nufin cewa ba tare da la'akari da canje-canje a cikin sauri ba, ƙarfin juzu'i yana kasancewa koyaushe.
Tsarin tsari: P=K * T * N
K= ma'auni
P= ikon shaft
T= karfin juyi
N=gudun juyawa
Daga dabarar da ke sama, ana iya ganin cewa ƙarfin shaft ɗin yana daidai da saurin motar. Lokacin da aka daidaita saurin motar saboda buƙatun tsari, daidaitaccen adadin wutar lantarki zai iya samun ta ta halitta.
(2) Aikace-aikacen ɗaukar nauyi mai canzawa
Magoya bayan Centrifugal da famfo suna cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan juzu'i na yau da kullun, kuma halayen aikin su sune: yawancinsu suna ci gaba da aiki na dogon lokaci. Tun da jujjuyawar lodi ya yi daidai da murabba'in gudun, da zarar saurin ya zarce saurin da aka ƙididdige shi, zai haifar da wuce gona da iri na injin. Don haka, fanfo da fanfuna gabaɗaya ba sa aiki fiye da mitar da aka ƙididdigewa.