1. Uhlolojikelele:
Amandla okugcina uwoyela angaphansi komhlaba emithonjeni kawoyela emikhakheni ehlukahlukene kawoyela ezweni lonke ayahluka. Lapho umthamo kawoyela awukwazi
ukwenza imishini yokumpompa isebenze ngomthwalo ogcwele, ukulawulwa kwamafrikhwensi okuguquguqukayo kufanele kusetshenziswe ukunciphisa ukumpompa
imvamisa bese uyilungisa ngesivinini umthamo kawoyela ongahlangana nawo, ukuze umthombo kawoyela ngamunye ukwazi ukusetha isivinini ngokwenani
wamafutha. Le ndlela ayigcini nje ukunciphisa indlela yamanje yokujova amanzi emgodini, kodwa futhi ivumela uwoyela ngamunye kahle
ngokuqhubekayo ukupompa uwoyela, ukonga ugesi osetshenziswayo ngenxa yokujova amanzi kanye nogesi oweqile osetshenzisiwe ngenxa yokunganeli
umthwalo. Ingabizwa ngendlela yokonga isikhathi, ukonga abasebenzi, ukonga amandla kanye nendlela ephumelelayo. Kuyafaneleka ukukhuthaza indlela yokunciphisa kakhulu
izindleko zokukhishwa kwamafutha.
2. Ukubukeka kwemakethe:
Emakethe yeyunithi yokupompa insimu kawoyela, kukhona amashumi ezinkulungwane zamayunithi okumpompa e-Daqing Oilfield, izinkulungwane zamayunithi okumpompa e-Liaohe Oilfield, amayunithi okupompa angaphezu kwe-10000 e-Shengli Oilfield, kanye ne-Jilin Oilfield, i-Zhongyuan Oilfield, i-Jianghan Oilfield, i-Karamay Oilfield Oilfield, njll. zisetshenziswe ezindaweni ezihlukene zikawoyela, zenza inani elincane kuphela lengqikithi, cishe u-5% wesamba, futhi ingxenye enkulu yazo ayifakiwe nezilawuli zefrikhwensi eziguquguqukayo. Insimu ngayinye kawoyela ifakwa futhi iguqulwe ngezigaba namaqoqo njalo ngonyaka, kodwa kunegebe elikhulu. Ukufeza ukuzenzakalelayo kokupompa imvamisa okuguquguqukayo, kuyadingeka ukukusebenzisa ngezigaba namaqoqo. Imithombo kawoyela eminingi idinga ukulawulwa kwemvamisa okuguquguqukayo, okunamandla amakhulu emakethe. Ukwamukela isilawuli sefrikhwensi eguquguqukayo njengamanje kuyisinqumo esihle kakhulu. Njengamanje, inani lamayunithi okumpompa alawulwa ukulawulwa kwemvamisa eguquguqukayo liyakhula ezikhungweni ezinkulu zokukhiqiza uwoyela ezweni lonke. Ngesidingo sezitshalo zokukhiqiza uwoyela, ukusetshenziswa kwamadrayivu okushayela okuguquguqukayo nakho kukhula kancane kancane. Okuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu i-Daqing Oilfield, i-Liaohe Oilfield, i-Shengli Oilfield, njll. Okwamanje, amadrayivu aguquguqukayo asetshenziswa ezindaweni zikawoyela ahlanganisa izinhlobo ze-ABB, i-Ximenzi, i-Fuji, ne-Jianeng IPC.
3. Izindlela zokonga amandla:
Lapho uhlaziya izindlela zokonga amandla kawoyela emkhakheni wokupompa amakhabethe okulawula ukonga amandla, into yokuqala okufanele uyibheke ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokulawula ukonga amandla kumayunithi okupompa insimu kawoyela? Ngenxa yokuthi isimo sokusebenza seyunithi yokupompa i-beam akusona isimo sesivinini esiqhubekayo, isimo sayo sokusebenza siwukuthi: ngesikhathi sokuqhuma, i-motor isesimweni sokudla amandla, futhi ngesikhathi sokwehla, i-motor isesimweni sokukhiqiza. Uma usebenzisa i-frequency converter, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kwe-converter frequency, amandla kagesi akhiqizwa injini kufanele akhululwe. Indlela yokuqala yokwengeza iyunithi yokubhuleka kanye ne-resistor yokubhuleka ukuze kudle amandla kagesi ku-resistor; Indlela yesibili iwukusebenzisa i-feedback braking ukuze ubuyisele amandla kagesi kugridi yamandla yokuqala. Ukukhetha indlela yesibili yokubopha impendulo kumayunithi okumpompa endaweni kawoyela kuyindlela yokuzuza ukonga okukhulu kwamandla.
4 Isimiso sokusebenza kanye nendlela yokulawula:
Ngemithombo ekhishwayo enowoyela ongahluziwe we-viscosity ephakathi nendawo naphansi kanye namanzi amaningi, imodi efanelekile yokusebenza yeyunithi yokumpompa kufanele "ihambe kancane futhi yehle". "Ukuhamba kancane" kunenzuzo ekuthuthukiseni izinga lokugcwalisa iphampu yokupompa kanye nokwandisa umthamo wokukhishwa kwe-stroke ngayinye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, "ukunciphisa" kunganciphisa ngokuphumelelayo umthwalo oshukumisayo owengeziwe endaweni yokumiswa, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ukulahlekelwa yi-stroke, ukuthuthukisa izimo zokusebenza zemishini yokukhipha uwoyela, nokwandisa impilo yesevisi yemishini. 'Ukwehla ngokushesha' kunenzuzo ekuvaleni ngesikhathi kwe-valve engaguquki yephampu kawoyela, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwepompo, ukonga isikhathi, nokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kukawoyela ngesikhathi seyunithi ngayinye.
Emithonjeni ekhiqiza amanzi amaningi kanye nephezulu, imvamisa inganyuswa futhi imvamisa yokugezwa ingakhuliswa ngokufanelekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukwanda "okusheshayo nokushesha phansi" kokukhiqizwa koketshezi cishe ngama-30%. Ngemithombo yesivuno esincane, kutholwe ekuhloleni okungokoqobo ukuthi uma imvamisa yokukhukhula inyuswa, izinga lokukhipha uketshezi alinyuki kodwa liyehla. Kodwa-ke, uma imvamisa yokushaywa kwamanzi incishisiwe, izinga lokuphuma koketshezi likhuphuka cishe ngo-20-30%, kuyilapho konga ugesi futhi kunweba ukuphila kweyunithi yokumpompa, ishubhu, nenduku. Izinzuzo zezomnotho ziyamangalisa. Ngamafuphi, ngezimo ezihlukene zokusebenza, ukukhethwa okufanele kwemingcele yokusebenza kungafinyelela ibhalansi phakathi kobudlelwane bokunikezwa nokukhiqizwa kwemithombo kawoyela, futhi kufinyelele umgomo wokwandisa ukukhiqiza nokonga amandla.
Ngemva kokusebenzisa isilawuli sokuguqula imvamisa yochungechunge lwe-PMD, isekethe yokumuncwa kanye nesekethe yokukhipha yenjini yokumpompa ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwamaquadrant amane (njengesimo sokukhiqiza amandla) kwethulwa kusiguquli sefrikhwensi yochungechunge lwe-PMD, futhi kwethulwa isekethe yeyunithi yempendulo. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza okujwayelekile, isifunda seyunithi yempendulo ayisebenzi. Lapho injini isesimweni sokukhiqiza futhi i-voltage yebhasi ikhuphukela ezingeni elithile, iyunithi yempendulo iqala ukusebenza. Ngesiguquli se-IGBT sezigaba ezintathu se-SVPWM, amandla kagesi avuselelwe ebhasini le-DC abuyiselwa kugridi. Lo mklamo ufaneleka kakhulu ukulawula amayunithi okumpompa futhi unomphumela obaluleke kakhulu wokonga amandla.
Izici ezisebenzayo ze-PMD series frequency converter
1. Kusetshenziswe isiqalo esithambile, isitobhi esithambile, kanye nokulawulwa kwenqubo yokusebenza kokulawula isivinini
Ukuqala kwamanje kuncane, ijubane lizinzile, ukusebenza kunokwethenjelwa, futhi umthelela kugridi yamandla mncane. Ingakwazi ukufeza ukulungiswa okungahleliwe kwejubane elikhuphukayo neliphansi kanye nokusebenza kokulawula iluphu evaliwe;
2. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-flushing, isivinini, kanye noketshezi lweyunithi yokupompa kunganqunywa ngokusekelwe ezingeni loketshezi kanye nokucindezela komthombo kawoyela, okunganciphisa ngempumelelo ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Thuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwephampu, unciphise ukuguga kwemishini futhi andise impilo yesevisi;
3. Uhlelo oluzinikele lwesicelo lwamayunithi okumpompa, olunomklamo owenziwe lula, olufanele ukulungiswa okuqondile kwezisebenzi ezijwayelekile zokubuyisa uwoyela;
4. Idivayisi yokuhlunga okokufaka eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, inqubo egcwele yokuhlunga umsindo, nokuphazamiseka kwegridi yamandla ingu-1/4 yaleyo yeziguquli zefrikhwensi ezejwayelekile;
5. Ukulandelela okuzenzakalelayo kwe-voltage egcwele, ukubala okuzenzakalelayo kwe-torque yokubhuleka, ukwenza lula ukusebenza kwezixhumanisi zohlelo;
6. Iyunithi ye-feedback braking eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, engabuyisela amandla kagesi avuselelwe kugridi. I-reactor eyakhelwe ngaphakathi nesihlungi, ingaxhunywa ngokuqondile kugridi yamandla, ngempendulo yamandla esebenza kahle efinyelela ku-97%. U-15%~25% wokonga amandla ngaphezu kweziguquli zefrikhwensi, ngokulahleka kokushisa okungaphansi kuka-3% wamabhuleki okumelana, ukunciphisa imithombo yokushisa, nokuphepha okuthuthukisa;
7. Yonke idrayivu eyindilinga, ehambisana ne-magnetic synchronous motor unomphela kanye nesilawuli se-asynchronous motor;
8. Inemisebenzi eminingi yokuvikela efana ne-overcurrent, i-short circuit, i-overvoltage, i-undervoltage, ukulahlekelwa kwesigaba, ukushisa ngokweqile, njll., ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesistimu okuphephile nokuthembeke kakhulu;
9. Idizayini engenamuntu futhi ezenzakalelayo ngokuphelele ensimini, evumela ukulawula ngokungafanele kwesivinini sokumpompa ngaphandle kwesidingo sokushintsha imishini. Ifanele imithombo kawoyela ezindaweni ezahlukene kanye nezakhiwo, ezifanele izimo zezulu nezimo ezahlukene;
10. Imojula yokuxhumana engenantambo yokuzikhethela yokuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo nezinhlelo zedijithali ze-oilfield.