Umhlinzeki wemishini esekela imvamisa: Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe bamandla kagesi kanye nobuchwepheshe be-microelectronics, inqubo yokukhiqiza imishini yokulungisa amandla aphezulu iye yathuthukiswa nakakhulu. Ukuthuthukiswa kwama-frequency converters kushintsha ngokushesha, futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu emabhizinisini ezimboni nasezimayini. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-frequency converters emabhizinisini kuya ngokuya kusabalala, futhi izinkinga ezilethwayo ziya ngokuya zidonsa ukunaka kwabantu.
1. Izici zokuguqula imvamisa
Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe bamandla kagesi kanye nobuchwepheshe be-microelectronics, inqubo yokukhiqiza imishini yokulungisa amandla aphezulu iye yathuthukiswa ngokwengeziwe, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kweziguquli zefrikhwensi kushintsha ngokushesha. Ama-frequency converters asetshenziswa kakhulu emabhizinisini ezimboni nasezimayini futhi anezinzuzo ezine ezinkulu:
Owokuqala angahlangabezana nezidingo zenqubo yokulawulwa kwesivinini, futhi uhla lokulawula isivinini lesiguquli semvamisa lungaphezu kuka-10:11.
Okwesibili ukwenza lula ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo, njengoba isiguquli semvamisa ngokwaso silawulwa yi-microprocessor engu-16 (noma 32) ene-RS485 noma 422, okokufaka kwe-A/D, kanye nezixhumanisi zokuphuma kwe-D/A, okwenza izimo ezanele zokulawula okuzenzakalelayo.
Okwesithathu ukuzuza imiphumela ebalulekile yokonga amandla, ikakhulukazi ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla aphezulu (ngaphezu kuka-15KW) abalandeli namaphampu, angasindisa ngaphezu kuka-20% wamandla.
Okwesine ukwehlisa amandla okusebenza kwabasebenzi besondlo. Ngenxa yokuthembeka okuphezulu kukonke, izinga eliphansi lokuhluleka, nomjikelezo omude wokunakekela wesistimu yokulawula isivinini, kunganciphisa umsebenzi wabasebenzi abalungisayo abafanelekile.
2. Ukukhethwa kwesiguquli semvamisa
Ukukhethwa kweziguquli zefrikhwensi kufanele kucatshangelwe ngokohlobo lwento elawulwayo, ibanga lejubane, ukunemba kwejubane elimile, itorque yokuqala, njll., ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zenqubo nokukhiqiza kuyilapho kokubili kusebenziseka kalula futhi kumonga.
1. Inombolo yezigxobo zesiguquli sefrikhwensi kanye nenjini elawulwayo akufanele idlule izigxobo ezi-4, ngaphandle kwalokho ukulawulwa kwesivinini akunangqondo; Izici ze-torque, i-torque ebalulekile, i-torque yokusheshisa. Ngaphansi kwamandla afanayo emoto, ukucaciswa kwesiguquli semvamisa kungehliswa uma kuqhathaniswa nemodi ye-torque ephezulu yokugcwala. Ukuhambisana kwe-electromagnetic. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukuphazamiseka okuvela kumthombo wamandla amakhulu, ama-reactor kufanele engezwe kusekethe emaphakathi noma isekethe yokufaka yesiguquli sefrikhwensi, noma ama-pre isolation transformer kufanele afakwe. Ngokuvamile, lapho ibanga eliphakathi kwenjini nesiguquli sefrikhwensi lidlula amamitha angu-50, ama-reactor, izihlungi, noma izintambo zokuzivikela ezivikelekile kufanele zixhunywe ngochungechunge phakathi kwazo.
2. Ukukhethwa kwesakhiwo se-inverter enclosure: Isakhiwo esivalekile se-inverter kufanele sivumelane nezimo, futhi izici ezifana nezinga lokushisa, umswakama, uthuli, i-acidity, namagesi abolayo kufanele kucatshangelwe. Kunezakhiwo ezimbalwa ezijwayelekile:
Uhlobo oluvuliwe: Ayinayo i-chassis futhi ingafakwa endaweni yokubeka isikrini ngaphakathi kwebhokisi lokulawula ugesi noma igumbi likagesi. Ifaneleka ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa lapho iziguquli zefrikhwensi eziningi zisetshenziswa ndawonye, kodwa izimo zemvelo zidinga amazinga aphezulu.
Uhlobo oluvaliwe: olufanele ukusetshenziswa okuvamile, lungase lube nenani elincane lothuli noma umswakama.
Uhlobo oluvaliwe: lulungele izindawo ezinezimo ezingezinhle zesizinda sezimboni.
Uhlobo oluvaliwe: lulungele izindawo ezinezimo ezimbi, amanzi, uthuli, namagesi athile abolayo.
3. Ukukhethwa kwamandla okuguqula imvamisa kufanele kunake ubudlelwano phakathi kwesilinganiso sokulayisha isiguquli semvamisa nokusebenza kahle. Ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu kuyalingana nomkhiqizo wokusebenza kahle kwesiguquli semvamisa nokusebenza kahle kwezimoto. Ngokombono wokusebenza kahle, lapho ukhetha amandla okuguqula imvamisa, amaphuzu alandelayo kufanele aqashelwe: kufanelekile lapho amandla okuguqula imvamisa elingana namandla emoto, ukuze kube lula ukusebenza kwesiguquli semvamisa esimweni esisebenza kahle kakhulu. Lapho ukuhlukaniswa kwamandla kwe-frequency converter kuhluke kulokho kwenjini, amandla okuguqula imvamisa kufanele asondele ngangokunokwenzeka kumandla emoto futhi abe mkhulu kancane kunamandla enjini. Uma injini kagesi iqalwa njalo, i-braking iyasebenza, noma uma ingaphansi komthwalo osindayo futhi iqalwa njalo, kungakhethwa isiguquli sefrikhwensi esisezingeni elilodwa ukuze kube lula ukusebenza okuphephile kwesikhathi eside kwesiguquli sefrikhwensi. Ngemva kokuhlolwa, kutholakale ukuthi amandla angempela emoto ayinsalela ngempela. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukucabangela ukusebenzisa isiguquli semvamisa esinamandla aphansi kunamandla emoto, kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-current peak current izodala isenzo sokuvikela esidlule. Uma amandla esiguquli sefrikhwensi ehlukile kulawo enjini, imingcele yesiguquli sefrikhwensi kufanele ilungiswe ngokufanele ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela ophezulu wokonga amandla.
3. Izinyathelo zokulwa nokugxambukela ezinhlelweni zokuguqula imvamisa
Ukumelana nokuphazamiseka kweziguquli zemvamisa ezinhlelweni zokusebenza kubonakala kakhulu ezindabeni ezifana nokuhleleka okuphezulu, umsindo nokudlidliza, ukufaniswa komthwalo, nokukhiqiza ukushisa. Lezi ziphazamiso azinakugwenywa ngoba ingxenye yokufaka yesiguquli sefrikhwensi iwumjikelezo wokulungisa futhi ingxenye ephumayo iwumjikelezo we-inverter, womabili akhiwe izingxenye ezingaqondile ezisebenza njengamaswishi. Phakathi nenqubo yokuvula nokuvala isifunda, ama-harmonics aphezulu akhiqizwa, okubangela ukuhlanekezela ukunikezwa kwamandla okokufaka kanye ne-voltage ephumayo kanye namagagasi amanje. Ukuhlaziywa okulandelayo kanye nezinyathelo ezihambisanayo kuhlongozwa izinkinga ze-harmonic. Ukulimala kwe-harmonics ye-oda eliphezulu kubalulekile, futhi ukuphazanyiswa kwe-harmonics ye-oda eliphezulu kungathinta imishini nezingxenye zokuthola, okungabangela ukungahambi kahle ezimweni ezinzima. Ngokusho kwemibiko yezincwadi ezifanele, ukuzwela kwezinto ezihlukahlukene kuma-harmonics aphezulu kanje: ama-motor kagesi angaphansi kwe-10-20%. Awukho umthelela, ukuhlanekezela kwe-Instrument voltage kungu-10%, ukuhlanekezela kwamanje kungu-10% Iphutha lingaphansi kwe-1%; Ukushintsha kwe-elekthronikhi okudlula u-10% kuzodala ukusebenzisa kabi, kuyilapho amakhompyutha adlula u-5% azodala amaphutha. Emkhakheni wezimboni, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka futhi kucindezelwe phakathi kwebanga elivumelekile.
1. Ukunqamula indlela yokusabalalisa yokuphazamiseka kuvame ukufezwa ngokusebenzisa izintambo eziphansi. Ukuhlukanisa isisekelo sezintambo zamandla kusukela ekusekelweni kwezintambo zokulawula kuyindlela eyisisekelo yokunqamula le ndlela. Uma ulayini wesignali useduze kwentambo ngokuphazamiseka, ukuphazamiseka kuzonxeshezelwa ukuthi kuphazamise isignali kulayini wesignali. Ukuhlukaniswa kwezintambo kusebenza ngempumelelo ekuqedeni lokhu kuphazamiseka. Ekubekweni kwekhebula kwangempela, izintambo ezinamandla kagesi, izintambo zikagesi, nezintambo zokulawula kuvame ukuhlukaniswa nezintambo zensimbi nezintambo zekhompyutha futhi zihanjiswe ngamathreyi ekhebula ahlukene. Ulayini wokulawula wesiguquli sefrikhwensi uhanjiswa ngokuqondile ngomugqa wesekethe oyinhloko.
2. Ukufaka ama-reactors olayini phambi kwesiguquli sefrikhwensi ukuze kucindezelwe ama-harmonic e-oda eliphezulu kungacindezela ukugcwala okunamandla ohlangothini lokunikezwa kwamandla futhi kunciphise ukuhlanekezela kwamanje okukhiqizwa isiguquli sefrikhwensi, kugweme ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kokuphakelwa kukagesi okuyinhloko. Ukufaka isihlungi se-LC phambi kwesiguquli sefrikhwensi kungahlunga ama-harmonics ane-oda eliphezulu, ngokuvamile i-harmonics yesi-5 neyesi-7. Le ndlela incike ngokuphelele ekunikezeni amandla nomthwalo, futhi inokuguquguquka okuphansi. Lapho indawo ezungezile yocingo ingaphansi kokuphazanyiswa yi-electromagnetic, kufanele kufakwe isihlungi sokuphazanyiswa kwefrikhwensi yomsakazo ukuze kuncishiswe ukuphuma kwe-conducting yamandla amakhulu futhi kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuvikela ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi. Lapho ubude bekhebula phakathi kwe-motor kanye nesiguquli semvamisa bukhulu kunamamitha angama-50 noma amamitha angama-80 (angavinjiwe), ukuze kuvinjwe ukugcwala ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokuqalisa kwemoto, kuncishiswe ukuvuza kwamanje nomsindo osuka kumotho uye emhlabathini, futhi uvikele injini, i-reactor ifakwa phakathi kwesiguquli semvamisa nenjini. Ukwamukela ukusebenza kwezigaba eziningi zama-transformer, isiguquli semvamisa yendawo yonke sisebenzisa isilungisi se-pulse eyisithupha, esikhiqiza ama-harmonics amakhulu. Uma ukusebenza kwezigaba eziningi zama-transformers kwamukelwa, umehluko we-angle wesigaba phakathi kwawo ngu-300. Isibonelo, inhlanganisela ye-Y - △ kanye △ - △ ama-transformers angenza umphumela we-pulse we-12, onganciphisa ukuhleleka okuphansi kwe-harmonic currents futhi ucindezele ngempumelelo ama-harmonics.