Abahlinzeki bemishini esekela i-frequency converter bakukhumbuza ukuthi ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokuguqula imvamisa, ukusetshenziswa kwamamotho e-AC kuya ngokuya kusabalala. Ukusebenzisa ukulawulwa kwesivinini sokuguqulwa kwemvamisa kungathuthukisa ukunemba kokulawula, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo wemishini yokukhiqiza, esiza ekuzuzeni ukuzenzekela kwenqubo yokukhiqiza. Amasistimu okushayela e-AC anokulawula okuhle kakhulu kanye nemiphumela ebalulekile yokonga amandla ezikhathini eziningi zokukhiqiza.
Isicelo se-frequency converter
Ukusetshenziswa kukagesi ezinjinini zikagesi ezweni lakithi kubalelwa ku-60% kuya ku-70% wokuphehlwa kukagesi kuzwelonke, kanti ukusetshenziswa kukagesi ngonyaka wamafeni namaphampu amanzi kubala i-1/3 yokusetshenziswa kukagesi kuzwelonke. Isizathu esiyinhloko salesi simo ukuthi indlela evamile yokulawula isivinini yabalandeli, amaphampu amanzi, nezinye izinto zokusebenza ukulungisa umoya namanzi ngokulungisa ukuvuleka kwe-inlet noma i-outlet baffles nama-valve. Amandla okufakwayo makhulu, futhi inani elikhulu lamandla liyasetshenziswa enqubweni yokunqamula ama-baffle nama-valve.
Ngenxa yokuthi abalandeli abaningi namaphampu amanzi ayimithwalo ye-torque eyisicaba, amandla e-shaft nesivinini anobudlelwane be-cubic. Ngakho-ke, lapho ijubane labalandeli namaphampu amanzi liyancipha, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nakho kuncipha kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kunamandla amakhulu okonga amandla. Isinyathelo esisebenza kahle kakhulu sokonga amandla ukusebenzisa isiguquli sefrikhwensi ukuze ulawule izinga lokugeleza. Ukusetshenziswa kweziguquli zemvamisa kunezinga lokonga amandla elingu-20% ukuya ku-50%, futhi izinzuzo zibalulekile.
Imishini eminingi idinga izinjini zikagesi ukuze zikwazi ukulungisa isivinini ngenxa yezidingo zenqubo. Esikhathini esidlule, ngenxa yobunzima bokulawula isivinini se-AC motors kagesi kanye nezidingo eziphakeme zokusebenza kokulawula isivinini, ukulawulwa kwejubane kwe-DC kwasetshenziswa. Kodwa-ke, ama-motor kagesi e-DC anezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi, amavolumu amakhulu, nokugcinwa okunzima ebusika. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe bokulawula isivinini esishintshashintshayo, ukulawulwa kwesivinini se-AC kancane kancane kungena esikhundleni sokulawula isivinini se-DC, okuvamise ukudinga ukulawulwa kwetorque yobuningi nokuqondile ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zenqubo ehlukahlukene.
Ngokusebenzisa isiguquli sefrikhwensi ukushayela injini kagesi, isiqalo sincane, sivumela ukuqala okuthambile kanye nokulawulwa kwesivinini esingenasinyathelo. Lokhu kusiza ukulawula ukusheshisa nokunciphisa amandla, okwenza injini ifinyelele ukusebenza okuphezulu futhi yonge kakhulu amandla. Ngakho-ke, abaguquli bemvamisa bebelokhu besetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni izimboni kanye nempilo yansuku zonke.
Izinkinga ezikhona kanye nezinyathelo zokulwa
Ngokunwetshwa kobubanzi bohlelo lokusebenza lweziguquli zemvamisa, kuba nezinkinga eziningi kakhulu ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ezibonakaliswa ikakhulukazi njengama-harmonics we-oda eliphezulu, umsindo nokudlidliza, ukufanisa umthwalo, ukushisa nezinye izindaba. Lesi sihloko sihlaziya izindaba ezingenhla futhi siphakamise izinyathelo ezihambisanayo.
Ifomu lesifunda eliyinhloko le-universal frequency converter ngokuvamile liqukethe izingxenye ezintathu: ukulungisa, ukuguqulwa, nokuhlunga. Ingxenye yokulungisa iyisilungisi esingalawuleki esinezigaba ezintathu, ingxenye yokuhlunga emaphakathi isebenzisa i-capacitor enkulu njengesihlungi, futhi ingxenye ye-inverter iyisiguquli sebhuloho se-IGBT samagama amathathu anokufakwa kwe-PWM waveform. I-voltage ephumayo iqukethe ama-harmonics ngaphandle kwegagasi eliyisisekelo, futhi ama-harmonics we-oda eliphansi ngokuvamile abe nomthelela omkhulu kumthwalo wemoto, okubangela i-torque ripple; Futhi ama-harmonics aphezulu akhuphula ukuvuza kwamanje kwekhebula lokuphumayo lesiguquli semvamisa, okuholela ekukhiqizweni okunganele kwemoto. Ngakho-ke, kokubili okuphumayo kwe-harmonics ye-oda eliphezulu naphansi ngesiguquli sefrikhwensi kufanele kucindezelwe. Izindlela ezilandelayo zingasetshenziswa ukucindezela i-harmonics.
1. Khulisa ukunikezwa kwamandla kwesiguquli sefrikhwensi
Ukuthikamezeka kwangaphakathi kwedivayisi yokuphakela amandla ngokuvamile kungasebenza njengesilondolozi samandla asebenzayo e-DC filtering capacitor yesiguquli sefrikhwensi. I-impedance yangaphakathi inkulu, iyancipha okuqukethwe kwe-harmonic. Le impedance yangaphakathi yi-short-circuit impedance ye-transformer. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha ukunikezwa kwamandla okuguqula imvamisa, kungcono ukhethe i-transformer ene-impedance ephezulu ye-short-circuit.
2. Faka i-reactor
Xhuma ama-reactor afanelekile noma faka izihlungi ze-harmonic ochungechungeni phakathi kwamatheminali okokufaka nokukhiphayo kwesiguquli sefrikhwensi. Isihlungi sakhiwe ngohlobo lwe-LC, olumunca ama-harmonics futhi lukhuphule ukuthinteka kokunikezwa kwamandla noma ukulayisha ukuze kufezwe injongo yokucindezela.
3. Imisebenzi eminingi kusetshenziswa ama-transformer
I-universal frequency converter iyisilungisi se-pulse eyisithupha, esikhiqiza ama-harmonics amakhulu. Uma ukusebenza kwezigaba eziningi zama-transformers kwamukelwa, umehluko we-angle wesigaba esingu-30 ° phakathi komunye nomunye, inhlanganisela ye-Y - △ kanye △ - △ ama-transformers angakha umphumela we-pulse we-12, onganciphisa ukuhleleka okuphansi kwe-harmonic kanye nokucindezela ngempumelelo ama-harmonics.
4. Setha ama-harmonics azinikele
Setha isihlungi esizinikele ukuze uthole isiguquli semvamisa kanye nesigaba, futhi ukhiqize i-current ene-amplitude efanayo nesigaba esiphambene njenge-harmonic current, esidluliselwa kusiguquli semvamisa ukuze simunce ngempumelelo i-harmonic current.