Mai ba da ra'ayi na makamashi yana tunatar da ku cewa daidaitaccen zaɓi na masu sauya mitar yana da matukar mahimmanci ga aiki na yau da kullun na tsarin sarrafa kayan aikin injiniya, don guje wa asarar da ba dole ba ta haifar da gyaran mitar mai canzawa saboda zaɓi mara kyau. Da farko, ya kamata a fayyace manufar zabar mai sauya mitar a fili. Abu na biyu, ya kamata a zaɓi mai sauya mitar da ya dace bisa nau'in kayan aiki, halayen kaya, kewayon saurin gudu, yanayin sarrafawa, yanayin amfani, tsarin kariya, da sauran buƙatu. Ta wannan hanyar, manufar ita ce cimma dukkanin fasahohin samarwa da kuma fa'idar tattalin arziki.
1. Load karfin juyi halaye na inji kayan aiki
A aikace, kayan aikin samar da kayan aiki da yawa dangane da halaye daban-daban na hoto: akai-akai layque load, da kuma rage nauyin wuta. Lokacin zabar mai sauya mitar, halayen kaya ya kamata a dabi'ance su zama tushe na asali.
Rage nauyin sifa mai ƙarfi
A cikin fanfo daban-daban, famfo na ruwa, da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa, yayin da mai kunnawa ke juyawa, juriyar da iska ko ruwa ke haifarwa a cikin wani takamaiman kewayon saurin ya yi daidai da ƙarfin gudu na biyu, jujjuyawar tana canzawa bisa ga ƙarfin na biyu na saurin, kuma ƙarfin lodi yana canzawa daidai gwargwado zuwa ƙarfin na uku na saurin. Irin wannan nau'in nau'in ana kiransa raguwar karfin juyi.
Nauyin wuta na dindindin
Siffar wannan nau'in kaya shine cewa ƙarfin da ake buƙata na TL ya yi daidai da saurin n. Yayin da saurin motar ke raguwa, ƙarfin fitarwa na kaya yana ƙaruwa. Wato, a cikin kewayon saurin gudu, jujjuyawar ta fi girma a ƙananan gudu kuma ƙarami a babban gudu, yayin da ƙarfin fitarwa na motar ya kasance ba canzawa. Ƙarfe na kayan aikin yankan ƙarfe, injin mirgine, injinan takarda, injinan murɗawa, injunan kwance, da dai sauransu a cikin layin samar da fim duk suna cikin nauyin wutar lantarki akai-akai.
Ƙimar wutar lantarki ta yau da kullun na kaya tana iyakance ga takamaiman kewayon canje-canjen sauri. Lokacin da saurin ya yi ƙasa sosai, saboda ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin injin, TL ba zai iya ƙaruwa ba tare da iyaka ba kuma yana canzawa zuwa dukiya mai ƙarfi a cikin ƙananan gudu. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na yau da kullum da yankuna masu tasowa na kaya suna da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan zaɓin tsarin watsawa. Lokacin da motar ke cikin ƙa'idodin saurin jujjuyawa akai-akai, matsakaicin ƙarfin fitarwa da aka yarda ya kasance baya canzawa, wanda ke cikin ƙa'idodin saurin juzu'i na yau da kullun; A cikin ƙayyadaddun tsarin saurin maganadisu mai rauni, matsakaicin ƙarfin fitarwar da aka yarda ya yi daidai da saurin, wanda ke cikin ƙa'idar saurin wutar lantarki. Idan kewayon madaidaicin juzu'i da ka'idojin saurin wutar lantarki na injin lantarki ya yi daidai da kewayon juzu'i na yau da kullun da ƙarfin lodi, wato, a cikin yanayin "matching", ƙarfin injin lantarki da ƙarfin jujjuyawar mitar duk an rage su.
Halayen injina na nauyin wutar lantarki akai-akai suna da rikitarwa. Lokacin zayyana tsarin, ya kamata a mai da hankali ga rashin yin aiki da injinan asynchronous fiye da saurin aiki tare, in ba haka ba yana iya haifar da gazawar inji. Ana ɗaukar ƙarfin mai sauya mitar kamar kusan sau da yawa ƙarfin injin asynchronous.
Juyin juzu'i na yau da kullun
A cikin kullun juzu'i na yau da kullun, nauyin nauyin TL yana da zaman kansa daga saurin n. A kowane gudu, nauyin nauyin TL ya kasance akai-akai ko kusan akai-akai, kuma nauyin nauyin yana karuwa a layi tare da karuwar saurin kaya. Misali, lodin juzu'i irin su cranes, conveyors, injunan gyare-gyaren allura, mahaɗa, da hoists duk suna cikin maɗaukakiyar juzu'i. Manufar yin amfani da masu sauya mitar don sarrafa irin waɗannan lodi shine don cimma aikin sarrafa kayan aiki, haɓaka yawan aiki, da haɓaka ingancin samfur.
Lokacin da mai sauya mitar ke motsa nauyin juzu'i na yau da kullun, ƙarfin fitarwa a ƙananan gudu ya kamata ya zama babba kuma yana da isasshen ƙarfin lodi, yawanci 150% na ƙimar halin yanzu. Idan ya zama dole don aiki akai-akai a ƙananan gudu na dogon lokaci, ya kamata a yi la'akari da ƙarfin zubar da zafi na asynchronous Motors don kauce wa hauhawar zafin jiki mai yawa na injin.
Lokacin zayyana tsarin, ya kamata a ba da hankali ga haɓaka ƙarfin injinan asynchronous yadda ya kamata ko ƙara ƙarfin masu juyawa. Ana ɗaukar ƙarfin mai jujjuya mitar gabaɗaya azaman ~ sau ƙarfin injin asynchronous.
2. Zaɓi hanyar kulawa da ta dace don mai sauya mitar bisa la'akari da halayen kaya
Baya ga tsarin masana'anta na mai sauya mitar, hanyar sarrafawa ta hanyar mai sauya mitar yana da matukar mahimmanci. Hanyoyin sarrafa mitar masu juyawa an raba su zuwa buɗe madauki da sarrafa madauki. Hanyar sarrafa madauki mai buɗewa yana da tsari mai sauƙi da ingantaccen aiki, amma daidaiton ƙa'idodin saurin sa da aikin amsawa mai ƙarfi yana da ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi; Hanyar sarrafa madauki na rufewa na iya aiwatar da sarrafawa na ainihi bisa ga canje-canje a cikin sigogi irin su yawan gudu, zafin jiki, matsayi, gudu, matsa lamba, da dai sauransu Yana da saurin amsawa mai sauri, amma wani lokacin yana da wuyar aiwatarwa da tsada. Masu amfani yakamata su zaɓi yanayin sarrafawa daidai gwargwadon buƙatun su don samun halayen ƙa'idojin saurin da ake buƙata.
3. Zaɓi tsarin kariya na mai sauya mita bisa yanayin shigarwa
Lokacin zabar mai sauya mitar, ya kamata a yi la'akari da yanayin shigarwa, gami da abubuwa kamar yanayin zafi, zafi, abun cikin ƙura, da iskar gas masu lalata, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da dogon lokaci kuma amintaccen aiki na mai sauya mitar. Idan ba za a iya cika yanayin aiki ba, dole ne a ɗauki matakan kariya masu dacewa.
Yawancin masana'antun masu sauya mitoci suna samar da tsarin tsaro gama gari don masu amfani don zaɓar daga.
(1) Buɗe nau'in IP00, wanda ke ba da kariya ga jikin ɗan adam daga taɓa sassan rayuwa a cikin mai sauya mitar daga gaba, ya dace da shigarwa akan allo, panels, da racks a cikin kabad ɗin sarrafa wutar lantarki ko ɗakunan lantarki, musamman don yin amfani da tsaka-tsaki na masu sauya mitar mitoci da yawa, amma yana da manyan buƙatu don yanayin shigarwa.
(2) Rukunin IP20 da IP21 masu juyawa na mitar suna da shinge a kusa da su kuma ana iya sanya bango a cikin gine-gine. Sun dace da mafi yawan wuraren shigarwa na cikin gida tare da ƙura kaɗan ko zafin jiki da zafi.
(3) An rufe IP40 da IP42 sun dace da wuraren masana'antu tare da yanayin muhalli mara kyau.
(4) Rufe IP54 da IP55, tare da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙura da tsarin kariya na ruwa, wanda ya dace da wuraren masana'antu tare da yanayin muhalli mara kyau, feshin ruwa, ƙura, da wasu iskar gas masu lalata.
Zaɓin tsarin daidaita saurin mitar mai canzawa akan ginin ya kamata ya dogara da ainihin buƙatun aiwatar da mutum da yanayin aikace-aikacen. Ya kamata a auna fa'ida da rashin amfani, kuma zaɓin ya zama mai ma'ana kuma a yi la'akari da shi sosai. Ta amfani da mai sauya mitar daidai da sassauƙa kawai zai iya aiki da tsarin sarrafa saurin mitar AC mai canzawa cikin aminci da dogaro.