Masu samar da na'urori na musamman na filayen mai suna tunatar da ku cewa an yi amfani da masu sauya mitar sosai wajen samar da masana'antu na masana'antu da rayuwar yau da kullun. Faɗin aikace-aikacen masu sauya mitar ya fi yawa saboda kyakkyawan yanayin tanadin kuzari da halayen saurin su. Abubuwan da kasar Sin ke fitarwa da makamashi suna cikin mafi girma a duniya. Don warware matsalar amfani da makamashi na samfuran, baya ga sauran batutuwan fasaha masu alaƙa waɗanda ke buƙatar haɓakawa, ƙa'idodin saurin mitar mai canzawa ya zama ma'auni mai inganci don kiyaye makamashi da haɓaka ingancin samfur.
A halin yanzu, a cikin kayan aikin famfo da ake amfani da su a mafi yawan wuraren mai, na'urar bututun katako ita ce aka fi amfani da ita kuma tana da mafi girma. A gefe ɗaya, motsi na ɓangaren famfo na katako shine a maimaita ɗagawa sama da ƙasa, ɗagawa sau ɗaya kowace bugun jini. Ƙarfinsa yana fitowa daga sililin ƙarfe guda biyu masu nauyi mai nauyi da injin lantarki ke motsawa. Lokacin da aka ɗaga silidu, sai su zama kamar lefi, suna aika sandar hako mai cikin rijiyar. Lokacin da aka saukar da silidu, an ɗaga sandar hako mai zuwa rijiyar da mai. Saboda yawan saurin da injin ke yi, ana raguwar kaya a yayin da ake gangarowa na silidu, kuma makamashin da abin jan motar ke haifarwa ba zai iya jawo hankalinsa ta wurin lodin ba. Babu makawa za ta sami tashar da za ta yi amfani da makamashi, wanda hakan zai sa motar ta shiga cikin yanayin samar da wutar lantarki, da mayar da martani ga yawan kuzarin da ake samu a wutar lantarki, da kuma haifar da karuwar babbar wutar lantarkin bas, wanda babu makawa zai yi tasiri a kan dukkan grid din wutar lantarki, wanda hakan zai haifar da raguwar ingancin samar da wutar lantarki da yanayin wutar lantarki, da fuskantar tarar kamfanonin samar da wutar lantarki. Hadari; Rikicin babban wutar lantarki akai-akai zai iya lalata motar kuma rashin ingantaccen tsaro. Da zarar motar ta lalace, zai iya haifar da raguwar haɓakar samar da kayan aiki da ƙarin kulawa, wanda ke da matukar illa ga kiyaye makamashi da rage yawan amfani da kayan aikin famfo, yana haifar da asarar tattalin arziƙi ga kamfani. A gefe guda kuma, ƙaddamar da manyan silsilai na ƙarfe guda biyu a cikin rukunin bututun katako yana haifar da matsaloli da yawa kamar tasirin farawa mai yawa na na'urar famfo. Baya ga batutuwa guda biyu da aka ambata a sama, yanayin yanayi na musamman na samar da rijiyoyin mai ya tabbatar da cewa kayan aikin hako mai suna da nasu halaye na aiki. A farkon samar da rijiyar mai, akwai tarin tarin mai da isassun ruwa. Don inganta ingantaccen aiki, ana iya ɗaukar aikin mitar wutar lantarki don tabbatar da samar da mai mai yawa; A mataki na tsakiya da na baya, saboda raguwar ajiyar man fetur, yana da sauƙi don haifar da rashin isasshen ruwa. Idan motar ta ci gaba da aiki a mitar wutar lantarki, babu makawa zai ɓata makamashin lantarki kuma ya haifar da asarar da ba dole ba. A wannan lokacin, wajibi ne a yi la'akari da ainihin yanayin aiki, daidai da rage saurin motar, rage bugun jini, da kuma inganta ƙimar cikawa yadda ya kamata. Don magance matsalolin da ke sama, ana iya shigar da fasahar jujjuya mitoci a cikin sarrafa raka'o'in bututun katako.
By determining the operating frequency of the motor based on the magnitude of its working current, the stroke of the pumping unit can be conveniently adjusted according to changes in well conditions, achieving the goal of energy conservation and improving the power factor of the power grid. At the same time, the frequency converter has a low-speed soft start, and the speed can be smoothly and widely adjusted. It has complete motor protection functions, such as short circuit, overload, overvoltage, undervoltage, and stall, which can effectively protect the motor and mechanical equipment, ensure that the equipment works at a safe voltage, and have many advantages such as smooth and reliable operation, improved power factor, etc. It is an ideal solution for the transformation of oil production equipment.
At present, there are three main aspects of frequency converter transformation for beam pumping units:
(1) The frequency conversion transformation aims to improve the quality of the power grid and reduce its impact on the power grid. This is mainly concentrated in situations where power supply enterprises have high requirements for grid quality. In order to avoid a decline in grid quality, variable frequency control needs to be introduced, with the main purpose of reducing the impact of the pumping unit's working process on the grid. This application has been put on the application schedule in the Linpan oil production plant of Shengli Oilfield.
(2) Frequency conversion renovation with energy conservation as the primary goal. This is quite common. On the one hand, in order to overcome the large starting torque of oil field pumping units, electric motors are used that are much larger than the actual required power. The utilization rate of electric motors during operation is generally between 20% and 30%, with the highest not exceeding 50%. Electric motors are often in a light load state, resulting in waste of motor resources. On the other hand, the working condition of the pumping unit is continuously changing, which depends on the underground state. If it is always operating at power frequency, it will inevitably cause waste of electrical energy. In order to save energy and improve the efficiency of electric motors, frequency conversion transformation is needed.
(3) Frequency conversion renovation aimed at improving the quality of the power grid and energy conservation. This situation combines the advantages of the above two transformations and is an important development direction in applications.
A cikin ainihin aiwatar da aikace-aikacen, matsaloli da yawa sun taso, galibi suna mai da hankali kan sarrafa makamashin da ake samarwa ta hanyar samar da wutar lantarki na sashin famfo katako. A yanayin yanayin farko, yin amfani da na'ura mai canzawa na yau da kullun tare da na'ura mai cin nama mai ƙarfi na iya zama mai dacewa, amma wannan yana zuwa a farashin ƙarin kuzari, musamman saboda ba za a iya ciyar da makamashin da aka samar zuwa grid ba. Lokacin da ba a yi amfani da mai sauya mitar ba kuma motar tana cikin yanayin lantarki, motar tana ɗaukar makamashin lantarki daga grid (mita tana juyawa gaba); Lokacin da motar lantarki ke cikin yanayin samar da wutar lantarki, yana fitar da makamashi (mitar ta juya baya), kuma wutar lantarki takan dawo da wutar lantarki kai tsaye ba tare da amfani da kayan gida ba. Ayyukan gabaɗaya shine cewa ƙarfin wutar lantarki na tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na rukunin famfo yana da ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarfi, wanda ke da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan ingancin grid ɗin wutar lantarki. Amma lokacin amfani da mai sauya mitar na yau da kullun, yanayin ya canza. Shigar da mai sauya mitar na yau da kullun an gyara diode, kuma makamashi ba zai iya gudana ta wata hanya dabam ba. Bangaren da ke sama na makamashin lantarki ba shi da hanyar komawa grid kuma dole ne a cinye shi a cikin gida ta hanyar amfani da resistors, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa dole ne a yi amfani da na'urorin da ke cinye makamashi. Don yanayi na biyu da na uku, ya zama dole a sarrafa makamashin lantarki yadda ya kamata ta yanayin samar da wutar lantarki da kuma mayar da martani ga grid. In ba haka ba, makamashin da aka adana ta hanyar daidaita bugun bugun na'urar mai yuwuwa ba zai iya kashe kuzarin da na'urar mai sauya birki ta ke cinyewa ba, wanda ke haifar da amfani da makamashi yayin aikin jujjuyawar mitar, wanda ya saba wa manufar kiyaye makamashi. Don magance wannan matsala, ya zama dole a gyara na'urar ta atomatik ta hanyar gabatar da tsarin PWM guda biyu a cikin tsarin don tabbatar da cewa an dawo da wutar lantarki a lokacin samar da wutar lantarki zuwa grid; Gabatar da ikon daidaitawa a cikin hanyoyin sarrafawa don dacewa da canjin yanayin aiki na raka'a famfo katako.